If you love and care for animals, have an adventurous streak and don’t mind getting dirty, zoology make be a perfect career path for you.
The majority of zoological scientists are full time employees at colleges and universities, who may or may not conduct independent research. Most have a doctoral degree, and many may have a specific subject of interest within zoology.
Other zoologists work in zoos and aquariums, museums, wildlife preserves and state and national parks, as either caretakers or “keepers”, curators who research animals and find specimens for their institutions, educators at these institutions, rehabilitation, research and conservation. It is also not uncommon for a zoologist to take on more than one position either part time or seasonally, or even combine jobs, as in the case of professors who involve students in their own private research, and museum curators who travel for field work part of the year. A very small minority of creative types in zoology may end up creating media to educate the public about animals, as in the case of television hosts like explorer Steve Irwin, conservationist and artist Beatrix Potter, and oceanographer and filmmaker Jacques Yves Cousteau.
Depending on the type of work you go into, the specifics of your job description will change. Most jobs in animal science revolve around studying and caring for animals, with these two things sometimes overlapping. Research is integral to most zoological careers, as is, to an extent, sharing findings with others.
Education and Training
Zoologists, or animal biologists, are biologists and like most careers in science, especially the life sciences, an advanced degree is almost definitely a must. While a masters or even a bachelor’s degree in biology or a related field may get you a job in the field of animal life sciences, a Ph.D or doctoral degree is generally an essential for scientists looking to make a career out of independent research that is seen as viable by grant donors and the scientific community at large.
Choosing a college major that will enable you to succeed in the field of zoology should be neither too specific nor too vaguely related to what you plan to do with your degree. The safest major for aspiring zoologists is, of course, biology, as it is the most versatile, gives you the widest range of potential career options, and provides you with the time to figure out what types of animals and environments you most want to work in, if necessary. Even with such a broad major as biology, you may still have a concentration–officially recognized by your school or not–in animals or something even more specific, like birds, reptiles, animal evolution, or mammals, but if there is a great chance that you will want to work primarily with fish, do not spend your college years absorbing too much entomology, or else you may limit your life’s work to the study of bugs. If it is likely that you will not want to work in conservation, do not major in environmental science or ecology.
Salary and Wages
Generally speaking, zoologists do not get into animal science for the money. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median salary of zoologists was around $60,000 in 2008, with zoologists who earned below the median ranging from around $35,000 to $45,000 a year, and zoologists who earned more than the median salary having earned between about $74,000 to upwards of $90,000. The median salary of veterinarians was about $90,000. It is important to bear in mind that specialized zoologists may earn different salaries for performing equivalent or near equivalent work in their respective fields: ichthyologists (fish scientists) estimate that others in their field range in annual earnings from an estimated $30,000 to $60,000 a year, while there is no real consensus on salary of some zoologists such as ornithologists (who study birds). Depending on your employer and your job, your salary will likely raise or become progressively more negotiable the longer you stay under one employer, and with more and more advanced degree qualifications.
Certifications
Apart from your degree, as a zoologist, there may be other credentials that can help advance your career, if they are not necessary for it. Certification for certain safety procedures, such as having completed a CPR or similar course, make you a desirable candidate for a position where workers may put themselves into dangerous situations. If you are trying to get a job in some form of marine biology, SCUBA certification and the ability to swim are crucial. Depending on what types of field work you may get involved with as a zoologist, you may want to have certification to operate certain heavy machinery or vehicles. An animal physician or veterinarian is required to have a license to practice in the state he or she works in, as well as to take a moral oath.
Professional Associations
Professional associations for zoologists and animal biologists include the World Association for Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA), the American Association of Zoo Keepers, and “associations of zoos and aquariums” (AZAs) by nation. There are also plenty of veterinary associations.
Showing posts with label Health Jobs. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Health Jobs. Show all posts
Monday, February 6, 2012
Vocational Nurse Job Description
Vocational Nurses are an important part of the medical field. These nurses are trained to complete practical procedures, caring for and monitoring patients’ health. Vocational Nurses are used in nursing homes, hospitals, schools and home care agencies. In order to become a Vocational Nurse, an individual must have a desire to help others, patience and the desire to meet and exceed goals. Good nurses make a big impact on the lives of those they care for, often leaving lifelong positive impressions and memories. This career choice is one of the most rewarding, but it may also be very difficult. Those who have the desire to help others will overcome any obstacles easily.
Vocational Nurse Job Responsibilities
Vocational Nurses are responsible for a variety of aspects related to patient care. In hospitals, Vocational Nurses are responsible for monitoring conditions of patients, monitoring their vital signs and recording any data regarding change or improvement. They also administer medications and apply topical treatments. Vocational Nurses are responsible for turning on feeding tube machines, giving injections, treating open wounds and many other tasks that require training to perform. Vocational Nurses in nursing facilities and hospitals must report to their supervising RN, accurately reciting any changes or concerns. Documentation and charting are another responsibility that must be taken seriously. Mistakes are often detrimental, so these professionals must have a great attention to detail.
In home care, Vocational Nurses visit patients in their homes. These patients are given medications and treatments requiring a nurse’s assistance. In some cases, as with Hospice agencies, home care Vocational Nurses work with terminally ill patients at home. Agencies may allow nurses to travel all over the state or country, providing an exciting and unique employment opportunity. In schools and educational institutions, Vocational Nurses are responsible for seeing students when they are ill or acquired a minor injury. Treating these injuries and administering vaccinations are the main duties of these nurses. Those who are employed by doctors’ offices must complete paperwork, perform secretarial duties or give injections and perform procedures they are licensed to do, minimizing the time the doctor must spend with each patient.
Vocational Nurse Training And Education Requirements
To become a Licensed Vocational Nurse, also called an LVN, students must complete a one-year program full-time. Attending part-time is also an option, but this route will take about one additional year or more, depending on the class load chosen. Full-time is considered to be 12 credit hours. Hands-on labs must be completed as part of the training program. Classes in Anatomy And Physiology require both animal dissection labs and lecture classes. Several classes such as Medical Terminology, Psychology, English Composition, Algebra, Dosage Calculations and other health science classes are required. Clinical rotations are performed in a hospital or nursing home under the direction of a Registered Nurse. During these rotations, students practice procedures such as injections, taking vital signs, giving medications, changing catheters and many other procedures learned in class. Each state has a Board of Nursing, which will provide prospective students with a list of approved and accredited nursing study programs.
Vocational Nurse Salary And Wages
Recent graduates from a Vocational Nursing program will earn less than those who have experience. Most facilities pay nurses based on experience. Some Vocational Nurses are paid an hourly wage, while others are paid on a monthly salary basis. Those who are paid salary are also generally required to be “on call” at least once a month, meaning they must come in to work for emergency situations if they are called – the extra hours will not earn extra pay on a salary scale. According to The Bureau of Labor Statistics, Vocational Nurses averaged $39,000 per year in 2008. Those who were employed by employment services earned over $44,000, nursing facility employees earned about $40,000 and home health nurses earned about $39,000 per year. Hospital Vocational Nurses earned about $38,000 and nurses employed by doctors earned about $35,000 per year.
Vocational Nurse Certifications
To become certified, Vocational Nurses must take their state’s board exams. The NCLEX-PN test must be taken and passed with a satisfactory score. After this is completed, the nurse will gain a state-administered license, which must be renewed occasionally. Also a minimum is set upon hours of employment to maintain the license. Inservices or continuing education are also required. Earning a C license is something Vocational Nurses may do by taking additional classes. This allows the nurse to perform more intravenous patient care duties that normally only an RN could legally do.
Vocational Nurse Professional Associations
The National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses, called the NFLPN, is a nationwide association for Practical and Vocational Nurses. In order to become a member of this association, an application must be submitted online at their website, found at www.nflpn.org. Once approved, the Vocational Nurse must pay an annual membership fee. Being a part of a professional association will impress prospective employers and connect a nurse to a network of valuable resources. Individual state associations may be found for each of the 50 states; also there are countless private associations for Vocational Nurses.
Vocational Nurse Job Responsibilities
Vocational Nurses are responsible for a variety of aspects related to patient care. In hospitals, Vocational Nurses are responsible for monitoring conditions of patients, monitoring their vital signs and recording any data regarding change or improvement. They also administer medications and apply topical treatments. Vocational Nurses are responsible for turning on feeding tube machines, giving injections, treating open wounds and many other tasks that require training to perform. Vocational Nurses in nursing facilities and hospitals must report to their supervising RN, accurately reciting any changes or concerns. Documentation and charting are another responsibility that must be taken seriously. Mistakes are often detrimental, so these professionals must have a great attention to detail.
In home care, Vocational Nurses visit patients in their homes. These patients are given medications and treatments requiring a nurse’s assistance. In some cases, as with Hospice agencies, home care Vocational Nurses work with terminally ill patients at home. Agencies may allow nurses to travel all over the state or country, providing an exciting and unique employment opportunity. In schools and educational institutions, Vocational Nurses are responsible for seeing students when they are ill or acquired a minor injury. Treating these injuries and administering vaccinations are the main duties of these nurses. Those who are employed by doctors’ offices must complete paperwork, perform secretarial duties or give injections and perform procedures they are licensed to do, minimizing the time the doctor must spend with each patient.
Vocational Nurse Training And Education Requirements
To become a Licensed Vocational Nurse, also called an LVN, students must complete a one-year program full-time. Attending part-time is also an option, but this route will take about one additional year or more, depending on the class load chosen. Full-time is considered to be 12 credit hours. Hands-on labs must be completed as part of the training program. Classes in Anatomy And Physiology require both animal dissection labs and lecture classes. Several classes such as Medical Terminology, Psychology, English Composition, Algebra, Dosage Calculations and other health science classes are required. Clinical rotations are performed in a hospital or nursing home under the direction of a Registered Nurse. During these rotations, students practice procedures such as injections, taking vital signs, giving medications, changing catheters and many other procedures learned in class. Each state has a Board of Nursing, which will provide prospective students with a list of approved and accredited nursing study programs.
Vocational Nurse Salary And Wages
Recent graduates from a Vocational Nursing program will earn less than those who have experience. Most facilities pay nurses based on experience. Some Vocational Nurses are paid an hourly wage, while others are paid on a monthly salary basis. Those who are paid salary are also generally required to be “on call” at least once a month, meaning they must come in to work for emergency situations if they are called – the extra hours will not earn extra pay on a salary scale. According to The Bureau of Labor Statistics, Vocational Nurses averaged $39,000 per year in 2008. Those who were employed by employment services earned over $44,000, nursing facility employees earned about $40,000 and home health nurses earned about $39,000 per year. Hospital Vocational Nurses earned about $38,000 and nurses employed by doctors earned about $35,000 per year.
Vocational Nurse Certifications
To become certified, Vocational Nurses must take their state’s board exams. The NCLEX-PN test must be taken and passed with a satisfactory score. After this is completed, the nurse will gain a state-administered license, which must be renewed occasionally. Also a minimum is set upon hours of employment to maintain the license. Inservices or continuing education are also required. Earning a C license is something Vocational Nurses may do by taking additional classes. This allows the nurse to perform more intravenous patient care duties that normally only an RN could legally do.
Vocational Nurse Professional Associations
The National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses, called the NFLPN, is a nationwide association for Practical and Vocational Nurses. In order to become a member of this association, an application must be submitted online at their website, found at www.nflpn.org. Once approved, the Vocational Nurse must pay an annual membership fee. Being a part of a professional association will impress prospective employers and connect a nurse to a network of valuable resources. Individual state associations may be found for each of the 50 states; also there are countless private associations for Vocational Nurses.
Veterinary Technician and Technology Job Description & Career Opportunities
Veterinarians use veterinary technicians and technologists to care for people’s pets. Most work in the private practice of a licensed veterinarian, although some work in research facilities, animal shelters, boarding kennels and zoos.
Veterinary technicians and technologists perform medical tests and treat and diagnose diseases in animals. They perform blood tests, perform dental care, take blood, fecal and tissue samples and assist veterinarians with laboratory and diagnostic tests.
Most veterinary technician jobs require the completion of a training program. Check out the schools below which offer free information:
Associate Degree in Veterinary Technician by Penn Foster College
Veterinary Assistant Certificate by Kaplan University
Professional Veterinary Assisting Program by Ashworth College
Some veterinary technicians also maintain patients’ health histories, develop X-rays and provide specialized nursing care. More experienced veterinary technicians may consult with pet owners about their pet’s condition and train new staff. Veterinary technicians and technologists most often work with small pets, such as dogs and cats, but, depending upon the environment, may also care for birds, fish, mice, rats, pigs, cattle, sheep and monkeys.
Veterinary Technician and Technologist Job Responsibilities
Some veterinary technicians and technologists may work in research facilities as assistants for physicians or veterinarians. They may give medications and perform laboratory examinations. They may also analyze animals, most commonly mice, and record information about their diet, food intake, weight, medications and signs of pain. They may sterilize laboratory equipment. At times, veterinary technologists may vaccinate new animals or euthanize ill, injured or unwanted animals.
Veterinary technologists may work on special projects as well. They may assist veterinarians with implementing research projects such as cloning or gene therapy. Some may also assist with biomedical research, pharmaceutical sales, livestock management, wildlife medicine and disaster preparedness.
Veterinary Technician and Technologist Training and Education Requirements
Entry-level positions in the veterinary field typically require a two-year or four-year degree. Most veterinary technicians have an associate degree from a college program in veterinary technology. These programs and courses are accredited by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) and teach students in laboratory and clinical settings using live animals. College accreditation allows students to take the credentialing exam in any state. There are about 20 colleges that offer bachelor’s degree programs in veterinary technology. Some students can complete the program online; however, there are a limited number of schools that offer this option.
Those interested in veterinary technology field are advised to start preparing in high school by taking as many math, biology and science courses as possible. College-level science courses should focus on caring for animals in a clinical or laboratory setting. Entry-level workers usually enter the field as trainees assisting veterinarians, then work their way up to technicians as they gain more on-the-job experience.
Besides education, employers also require certain personality traits. The ability to communicate well is very important, as veterinarian technicians and technologists are required to deal with pet owners and staff. They should be able to work well in a team environment and be detail-oriented and organized.
Veterinary Technician and Technologist Salary and Wages
Salaries for veterinary technicians and technologists vary according to education, experience and type of job. Earnings range from $23,580 to $34,960, with the average annual salary at $28,900. Those in the research field tend to earn higher wages.
Jobs in the veterinary field are expected to grow much faster than average. Job outlook is very good due to the lack of veterinary school graduates and trained professionals. The limited number of qualified professionals is not enough to meet the demand. However, veterinary positions in zoos and aquariums are very competitive, as they attract many qualified candidates interested in working with these types of animals.
Veterinary Technician and Technologist Certifications
All states require veterinary professionals to pass a credentialing exam after completing their degree. Passing the exam assures employers and pet owners that the technician or technologist is qualified to work in a veterinary clinic. The test includes oral, written and practical portions and is regulated by the State Board of Veterinary Examiners. Canididates may become registered, licensed, or certified, depending on the state. Many states may use the National Veterinary Technician (NVT) exam.
Those looking to work in research facilities are recommended to seek American Association for Laboratory Animal Science (AALAS) certification. AALAS offers three levels of certification – animal health and welfare, animal husbandry and facility management. A combination of work experience and education are prerequisites for taking the AALAS examination. Assistant Laboratory Animal Technician (ALAT) is the lowest level of certification, the second level is Laboratory Animal Technician (LAT), and Laboratory Animal Technologist (LATG) is the highest certification level.
Veterinary Technician and Technologist Professional Associations
The most popular and industry-recognized professional association is The National Association of Veterinary Technicians in America (NAVTA). NAVTA is a national non-profit association dedicated to enhancing the veterinary technology profession through education, advocacy and promotion. Individual states offer associations for their veterinary professionals. There are associations based on animal specialty, such as birds, cats, dogs, horses or pigs. There are also associations for those who specialize in a specific veterinary field, such as pharmacy or surgery.
Veterinary technicians and technologists perform medical tests and treat and diagnose diseases in animals. They perform blood tests, perform dental care, take blood, fecal and tissue samples and assist veterinarians with laboratory and diagnostic tests.
Most veterinary technician jobs require the completion of a training program. Check out the schools below which offer free information:
Associate Degree in Veterinary Technician by Penn Foster College
Veterinary Assistant Certificate by Kaplan University
Professional Veterinary Assisting Program by Ashworth College
Some veterinary technicians also maintain patients’ health histories, develop X-rays and provide specialized nursing care. More experienced veterinary technicians may consult with pet owners about their pet’s condition and train new staff. Veterinary technicians and technologists most often work with small pets, such as dogs and cats, but, depending upon the environment, may also care for birds, fish, mice, rats, pigs, cattle, sheep and monkeys.
Veterinary Technician and Technologist Job Responsibilities
Some veterinary technicians and technologists may work in research facilities as assistants for physicians or veterinarians. They may give medications and perform laboratory examinations. They may also analyze animals, most commonly mice, and record information about their diet, food intake, weight, medications and signs of pain. They may sterilize laboratory equipment. At times, veterinary technologists may vaccinate new animals or euthanize ill, injured or unwanted animals.
Veterinary technologists may work on special projects as well. They may assist veterinarians with implementing research projects such as cloning or gene therapy. Some may also assist with biomedical research, pharmaceutical sales, livestock management, wildlife medicine and disaster preparedness.
Veterinary Technician and Technologist Training and Education Requirements
Entry-level positions in the veterinary field typically require a two-year or four-year degree. Most veterinary technicians have an associate degree from a college program in veterinary technology. These programs and courses are accredited by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) and teach students in laboratory and clinical settings using live animals. College accreditation allows students to take the credentialing exam in any state. There are about 20 colleges that offer bachelor’s degree programs in veterinary technology. Some students can complete the program online; however, there are a limited number of schools that offer this option.
Those interested in veterinary technology field are advised to start preparing in high school by taking as many math, biology and science courses as possible. College-level science courses should focus on caring for animals in a clinical or laboratory setting. Entry-level workers usually enter the field as trainees assisting veterinarians, then work their way up to technicians as they gain more on-the-job experience.
Besides education, employers also require certain personality traits. The ability to communicate well is very important, as veterinarian technicians and technologists are required to deal with pet owners and staff. They should be able to work well in a team environment and be detail-oriented and organized.
Veterinary Technician and Technologist Salary and Wages
Salaries for veterinary technicians and technologists vary according to education, experience and type of job. Earnings range from $23,580 to $34,960, with the average annual salary at $28,900. Those in the research field tend to earn higher wages.
Jobs in the veterinary field are expected to grow much faster than average. Job outlook is very good due to the lack of veterinary school graduates and trained professionals. The limited number of qualified professionals is not enough to meet the demand. However, veterinary positions in zoos and aquariums are very competitive, as they attract many qualified candidates interested in working with these types of animals.
Veterinary Technician and Technologist Certifications
All states require veterinary professionals to pass a credentialing exam after completing their degree. Passing the exam assures employers and pet owners that the technician or technologist is qualified to work in a veterinary clinic. The test includes oral, written and practical portions and is regulated by the State Board of Veterinary Examiners. Canididates may become registered, licensed, or certified, depending on the state. Many states may use the National Veterinary Technician (NVT) exam.
Those looking to work in research facilities are recommended to seek American Association for Laboratory Animal Science (AALAS) certification. AALAS offers three levels of certification – animal health and welfare, animal husbandry and facility management. A combination of work experience and education are prerequisites for taking the AALAS examination. Assistant Laboratory Animal Technician (ALAT) is the lowest level of certification, the second level is Laboratory Animal Technician (LAT), and Laboratory Animal Technologist (LATG) is the highest certification level.
Veterinary Technician and Technologist Professional Associations
The most popular and industry-recognized professional association is The National Association of Veterinary Technicians in America (NAVTA). NAVTA is a national non-profit association dedicated to enhancing the veterinary technology profession through education, advocacy and promotion. Individual states offer associations for their veterinary professionals. There are associations based on animal specialty, such as birds, cats, dogs, horses or pigs. There are also associations for those who specialize in a specific veterinary field, such as pharmacy or surgery.
Veterinarian Job Description
Veterinarians provide preventive and diagnostic health care services to small and large animals in settings ranging from farms to zoos. Most veterinarians provide care to small companion animals in their own private practice or animal hospital, however, veterinarians also work as inspectors in the food industry or along the country’s borders inspecting imports and exports of animal products to ensure food safety here and abroad.
Job prospects for veterinarians are excellent over the next decade. As more people own pets and increasingly spend more money on their care, additional veterinarians will be needed to meet the demand, particularly in advanced specialties such as oncology. Government work for veterinarians is also expected to increase, due to increased vigilance over the food supply.
Job Responsibilities
Veterinarians diagnose and treat animal health problems, vaccinate against diseases such as rabies and leptospirosis, perform surgery, prescribe medications for animals suffering from infections, and dress and treat wounds. They provide information to animal owners on nutrition, breeding and behavior. Veterinarians use medical and diagnostic equipment, such as stethoscopes, microscopes, surgical instruments and ultrasound machines, to aid in providing treatment. All veterinarians euthanize animals when necessary using humane procedures.
Veterinarians in private practice work long hours in a noisy environment. They risk injury when treating a sick or frightened animal; the animal may bite, scratch or kick if it feels threatened. Veterinarians who treat livestock and other farm animals must drive to the farm or ranch where the animals are located, and may have to work outdoors in inclement weather.
Livestock inspectors and food safety veterinarians examine animals during all stages of meat and food production. They check animals for disease before slaughter, ensure safe processing of meat after slaughter, and enforce laws and regulations on sanitation at the processing site.
Training and Education Requirements
Prospective veterinarians must earn a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (D.V.M. or V.M.D) degree from a four year program at one of the 28 accredited colleges of veterinary medicine. The accreditation standards for these colleges are set by the Board of Education of the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA). The first two years of the program consists of academic instruction in biology, anatomy, neurology, pathology and pharmacology. Supervised clinical work at an accredited animal hospital is completed during the last two years.
Admittance to one of the accredited colleges requires that a candidate has completed up to 90 credit hours of course work at the undergraduate level of college. An undergraduate degree is not required, but the lack of a degree puts the candidate at a decided disadvantage over those who do. Competition for admittance to veterinary school is high; only about 1 in three candidates are accepted.
Salary and Wages
Salaries for veterinarians vary greatly depending on the type of animals they care for and whether they practice in an urban or rural setting. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that the median wage earned by a veterinarian in May 2008 was $79,050. The top ten percent earned over $143,660, and the bottom ten percent earned under $46,610; the majority earned wages in the range between $61,370 and $104,110.
Certifications
All veterinarians are required by law in every state to be licensed before practicing. All states require veterinarians to obtain a D.V.M. degree and pass the national board examination, the North American Veterinary Licensing Exam. Additional requirements vary by state. Some require additional testing on clinical competency, and most states require prospective veterinarians to pass examinations on state laws and regulations. Veterinarians who wish to be licensed in multiple states must pass each state’s examinations.
Board certifications are available for many clinical specialties, such as ophthalmology, anesthesiology, surgery, oncology, dermatology, dentistry and emergency care. Each certification is offered by veterinary specialty organizations that are recognized by the AMVA. Veterinarians choosing to specialize must complete a residency program that lasts three to four years beyond the D.V.M. education requirements.
For veterinarians who specialize in treating only one type of animal, the American Board of Veterinary Practitioners offers certification that these veterinarians meet high standards of clinical excellence and have superior knowledge in their chosen specialty. Ten species specific certifications are available: avian, beef cattle, canine and feline, dairy cattle, equine, exotic companion animal, feline only, food animal, reptile and amphibian, and swine health management.
Professional Associations
Many professional associations exist for veterinarians. The largest and oldest association is the AVMA, which was founded in 1863 and represents over 80,000 veterinarians. The association has been designated as the accrediting body for veterinary medical schools in the United States by the U.S. Department of Education. Members can subscribe to two AVMA publications, the Journal of the AVMA and the American Journal of Veterinary Research; both provide news and up-to-date scientific and clinical information on veterinary practices. Board certified veterinarians may join an association specific to their specialty.
Many veterinary practices operate as animal hospitals. The American Animal Hospital Association provides services and information for veterinarians practicing at animal hospitals, and also has established accreditation standards for hospital operation and maintenance.
Job prospects for veterinarians are excellent over the next decade. As more people own pets and increasingly spend more money on their care, additional veterinarians will be needed to meet the demand, particularly in advanced specialties such as oncology. Government work for veterinarians is also expected to increase, due to increased vigilance over the food supply.
Job Responsibilities
Veterinarians diagnose and treat animal health problems, vaccinate against diseases such as rabies and leptospirosis, perform surgery, prescribe medications for animals suffering from infections, and dress and treat wounds. They provide information to animal owners on nutrition, breeding and behavior. Veterinarians use medical and diagnostic equipment, such as stethoscopes, microscopes, surgical instruments and ultrasound machines, to aid in providing treatment. All veterinarians euthanize animals when necessary using humane procedures.
Veterinarians in private practice work long hours in a noisy environment. They risk injury when treating a sick or frightened animal; the animal may bite, scratch or kick if it feels threatened. Veterinarians who treat livestock and other farm animals must drive to the farm or ranch where the animals are located, and may have to work outdoors in inclement weather.
Livestock inspectors and food safety veterinarians examine animals during all stages of meat and food production. They check animals for disease before slaughter, ensure safe processing of meat after slaughter, and enforce laws and regulations on sanitation at the processing site.
Training and Education Requirements
Prospective veterinarians must earn a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (D.V.M. or V.M.D) degree from a four year program at one of the 28 accredited colleges of veterinary medicine. The accreditation standards for these colleges are set by the Board of Education of the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA). The first two years of the program consists of academic instruction in biology, anatomy, neurology, pathology and pharmacology. Supervised clinical work at an accredited animal hospital is completed during the last two years.
Admittance to one of the accredited colleges requires that a candidate has completed up to 90 credit hours of course work at the undergraduate level of college. An undergraduate degree is not required, but the lack of a degree puts the candidate at a decided disadvantage over those who do. Competition for admittance to veterinary school is high; only about 1 in three candidates are accepted.
Salary and Wages
Salaries for veterinarians vary greatly depending on the type of animals they care for and whether they practice in an urban or rural setting. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that the median wage earned by a veterinarian in May 2008 was $79,050. The top ten percent earned over $143,660, and the bottom ten percent earned under $46,610; the majority earned wages in the range between $61,370 and $104,110.
Certifications
All veterinarians are required by law in every state to be licensed before practicing. All states require veterinarians to obtain a D.V.M. degree and pass the national board examination, the North American Veterinary Licensing Exam. Additional requirements vary by state. Some require additional testing on clinical competency, and most states require prospective veterinarians to pass examinations on state laws and regulations. Veterinarians who wish to be licensed in multiple states must pass each state’s examinations.
Board certifications are available for many clinical specialties, such as ophthalmology, anesthesiology, surgery, oncology, dermatology, dentistry and emergency care. Each certification is offered by veterinary specialty organizations that are recognized by the AMVA. Veterinarians choosing to specialize must complete a residency program that lasts three to four years beyond the D.V.M. education requirements.
For veterinarians who specialize in treating only one type of animal, the American Board of Veterinary Practitioners offers certification that these veterinarians meet high standards of clinical excellence and have superior knowledge in their chosen specialty. Ten species specific certifications are available: avian, beef cattle, canine and feline, dairy cattle, equine, exotic companion animal, feline only, food animal, reptile and amphibian, and swine health management.
Professional Associations
Many professional associations exist for veterinarians. The largest and oldest association is the AVMA, which was founded in 1863 and represents over 80,000 veterinarians. The association has been designated as the accrediting body for veterinary medical schools in the United States by the U.S. Department of Education. Members can subscribe to two AVMA publications, the Journal of the AVMA and the American Journal of Veterinary Research; both provide news and up-to-date scientific and clinical information on veterinary practices. Board certified veterinarians may join an association specific to their specialty.
Many veterinary practices operate as animal hospitals. The American Animal Hospital Association provides services and information for veterinarians practicing at animal hospitals, and also has established accreditation standards for hospital operation and maintenance.
Tissue Culture Technician Job Description & Career Opportunities
Being a tissue culture technician requires the candidate to be adept with biology, chemistry, and higher math knowledge. He needs to be passionate with handling cells of plants and animals under the microscope in the laboratory throughout the day. He has to be good in doing research work for doctors and scientists from the laboratory. He will be doing research reports about findings on cells. In relation to cells, he will be observing how the cell tissue grows, reproduces, and does other functions biologically. Through his work in collaboration with doctors and scientists, he will be able to contribute to how diseases are be cured and prevented. Healthy tissue can also be observed in its growth.
Job Functions
The behavior of tissue culture will be studied as to how it can propagate and be used as ornaments. The tissue culture technician assesses how the tissue of a plant, human, or animal can be manipulated. When the manipulation is determined, he can also replicate the tissue. The unique genotypes are preserved and maintained. He contributes to the growth of new plants by maintaining the greenhouse. Pests and diseases are monitored until the time to transport the crops has come. The kind of work that a tissue culture technician does involves self-discipline and attention to specific details. With only one wrong action done on the cell, trouble can happen.
Biological Scientist
In the United States, a tissue culture technician is categorized as a biological scientists. He puts up, operates, and maintains laboratory equipment and instruments. He can be asked to oversee experiments, document observations, calculate results, and record them. He can analyze tissue samples and explain the findings obtained from a specific study. In dealing with tissue culture, the technician handles cellular or organ materials. In relation to hazardous tissue culture, he uses laminar flow hoods or cabinets for the safety of material related to biology. Since the specimen is fragile, he makes sure that it is incubated. For accurate and specific notes on tissue culture, the microscope is a very efficient tool. The laboratory must be sterile and prepared for the next activity.
Science Aptitude and Education
An aspiring tissue culture technician needs to possess an associate degree in applied science or a course in connection with technology. Also, two years of being trained under a program for a technical vocation can prove beneficial for the candidate. His oral and written communication skills need to be polished in order to create valuable reports for doctors and scientists to read. There are instances wherein strong mathematical skills are needed for calculation. Passion for chemistry will also come in handy for the candidate since he will determine what chemicals can let the tissue grow and develop for propagation. In this case, possessing a university degree related to biology or chemistry will be a good starting point for acceptance.
Technical Knowledge
At work, the candidate can experience rigorous training in connection with the specifications of the client. Since this kind of work requires technical science knowledge, the candidate must also have training on how to handle diagnostic laboratory equipment.
Job Functions
The behavior of tissue culture will be studied as to how it can propagate and be used as ornaments. The tissue culture technician assesses how the tissue of a plant, human, or animal can be manipulated. When the manipulation is determined, he can also replicate the tissue. The unique genotypes are preserved and maintained. He contributes to the growth of new plants by maintaining the greenhouse. Pests and diseases are monitored until the time to transport the crops has come. The kind of work that a tissue culture technician does involves self-discipline and attention to specific details. With only one wrong action done on the cell, trouble can happen.
Biological Scientist
In the United States, a tissue culture technician is categorized as a biological scientists. He puts up, operates, and maintains laboratory equipment and instruments. He can be asked to oversee experiments, document observations, calculate results, and record them. He can analyze tissue samples and explain the findings obtained from a specific study. In dealing with tissue culture, the technician handles cellular or organ materials. In relation to hazardous tissue culture, he uses laminar flow hoods or cabinets for the safety of material related to biology. Since the specimen is fragile, he makes sure that it is incubated. For accurate and specific notes on tissue culture, the microscope is a very efficient tool. The laboratory must be sterile and prepared for the next activity.
Science Aptitude and Education
An aspiring tissue culture technician needs to possess an associate degree in applied science or a course in connection with technology. Also, two years of being trained under a program for a technical vocation can prove beneficial for the candidate. His oral and written communication skills need to be polished in order to create valuable reports for doctors and scientists to read. There are instances wherein strong mathematical skills are needed for calculation. Passion for chemistry will also come in handy for the candidate since he will determine what chemicals can let the tissue grow and develop for propagation. In this case, possessing a university degree related to biology or chemistry will be a good starting point for acceptance.
Technical Knowledge
At work, the candidate can experience rigorous training in connection with the specifications of the client. Since this kind of work requires technical science knowledge, the candidate must also have training on how to handle diagnostic laboratory equipment.
Surgical Technologist (Technician) Job Description
The surgical technologist is known to many as a scrub or operating room technician. These professionals work very closely with the surgeon in the operating room. The surgical technologist is an important part of the operating room team. This team is typically composed of a surgeon, surgical nurse, anesthesiologist, and surgical technologist. The job of the surgical technician is critical to the success of the operation. This professional helps set up the operating room before surgery. They make sure that the room is sterile and they prepare the sterile field. It is their job to make sure all equipment is working properly. This includes sterile and non sterile operating equipment. It is this professionals job to make sure that everything is in place and is organized. This professional is expected to provide the exact tool that is needed in an efficient manner. Failure to perform these duties correctly could be devastating.
Surgical Technologist Job Responsibilities
This technician gets the patient prepared for surgery by shaving, disinfecting and cleaning the surgery site. Many scrubs also assist in transporting the patient to the operating room. They assist with moving the patient to the surgery table and positioning the sterile drape. In addition, the scrub will check the patient’s vital signs and assist staff with their sterile uniform.
Furthermore, the surgical technologist is responsible for making sure the surgeon has the right tools. This position is critical and requires acute accuracy. Surgery is a time sensitive process, and the skill of a knowledgeable scrub is important. This helps the surgery proceed smoothly. Another important task is counting sponges and other equipment. This helps to ensure that all equipment is accounted for after the procedure.
Surgical Technologist Training and Education Requirements
The average time for surgical technician training is between 9 and 24 months. Most community colleges and universities have a certificate, diploma, and associate level program. In 2008, one organization, Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education, acknowledged over 450 programs. A high school diploma or equivalent is required for admission into a surgical technician program.
An accredited program combines classroom instruction with supervised experience in a clinical setting. Students focus on sterilizing procedure; they also learn ways to prevent infection and ways to control the spread of infection. Additionally, the successful surgical technician must have a strong tolerance for strong odors and sights. The operating room requires a person that is emotionally stable, and someone that is physically able to stand for long periods of time.
Surgical Technologist Salary and Wages
Studies in 2008 revealed that the median annual salary for a surgical technologist is approximately $38,000. The middle group of surgical technicians earn between $32,000 and $46,000 per year. Those that earn the lowest salaries earn $26,000 or less. In contrast, the highest paid earn more than $54,000. The salary of a surgical technician vary greatly according to the education level and years of experience. The area of the country, working hours, and exact responsibilities also directly affect the wages of the surgical technologist.
The human resource professionals predict that positions in surgical technology will increase by 25% in the next decade. The increase of older citizens will place a large demand on the medical system, and there is already a shortage in health care professionals.
Surgical Technologist Certifications
Employers have a preference for certified surgical technologists. Scrubs may earn a voluntary certification by completing a CAAHEP-accredited surgical technologist program. This qualifies the scrub to use the Certified Surgical Technologist designation. Continuing education is necessary in order to maintain the certification. The requirements consist of 60 hours of training hours in a 4 year period.
A certification can also be earned by testing at the National Center for Competency Testing. There are three ways to qualify for this certification. First, a person can graduate from an accredited surgical technician program. Second, a person can complete a 2 year on the job training program at the hospital; third, a scrub can obtain 7 years of experience working in the field of surgical technology. After finishing the program, the scrub will be able to use the title Tech-in-Surgery Certified.
Additionally, certified surgical technologists can advance to the position of first assistant or circulator. This position is a critical one in the operating room. This professional is able to assist with more challenging tasks that involve direct patient contact. For example, the first assistant can help control blood flow and loss of blood. This person also keeps a written record of the surgery occurrences during the procedure.
Surgical Technologist Professional Associations
The Association for Surgical Technologists is the largest association for this profession. This group seeks to educate and uphold high standards of excellence for the profession. It is also a voice for the scrub or technicians in the field. It is a good idea for surgical technologists to join this organization. Strong connections and relationships are built. This will help the scrub in their career in this health care field.
Also, joining a professional association is healthy for a scrub’s career. Contacts are made in the meetings and seminars that can prove vital to the surgical technologist.
Surgical Technologist Job Responsibilities
This technician gets the patient prepared for surgery by shaving, disinfecting and cleaning the surgery site. Many scrubs also assist in transporting the patient to the operating room. They assist with moving the patient to the surgery table and positioning the sterile drape. In addition, the scrub will check the patient’s vital signs and assist staff with their sterile uniform.
Furthermore, the surgical technologist is responsible for making sure the surgeon has the right tools. This position is critical and requires acute accuracy. Surgery is a time sensitive process, and the skill of a knowledgeable scrub is important. This helps the surgery proceed smoothly. Another important task is counting sponges and other equipment. This helps to ensure that all equipment is accounted for after the procedure.
Surgical Technologist Training and Education Requirements
The average time for surgical technician training is between 9 and 24 months. Most community colleges and universities have a certificate, diploma, and associate level program. In 2008, one organization, Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education, acknowledged over 450 programs. A high school diploma or equivalent is required for admission into a surgical technician program.
An accredited program combines classroom instruction with supervised experience in a clinical setting. Students focus on sterilizing procedure; they also learn ways to prevent infection and ways to control the spread of infection. Additionally, the successful surgical technician must have a strong tolerance for strong odors and sights. The operating room requires a person that is emotionally stable, and someone that is physically able to stand for long periods of time.
Surgical Technologist Salary and Wages
Studies in 2008 revealed that the median annual salary for a surgical technologist is approximately $38,000. The middle group of surgical technicians earn between $32,000 and $46,000 per year. Those that earn the lowest salaries earn $26,000 or less. In contrast, the highest paid earn more than $54,000. The salary of a surgical technician vary greatly according to the education level and years of experience. The area of the country, working hours, and exact responsibilities also directly affect the wages of the surgical technologist.
The human resource professionals predict that positions in surgical technology will increase by 25% in the next decade. The increase of older citizens will place a large demand on the medical system, and there is already a shortage in health care professionals.
Surgical Technologist Certifications
Employers have a preference for certified surgical technologists. Scrubs may earn a voluntary certification by completing a CAAHEP-accredited surgical technologist program. This qualifies the scrub to use the Certified Surgical Technologist designation. Continuing education is necessary in order to maintain the certification. The requirements consist of 60 hours of training hours in a 4 year period.
A certification can also be earned by testing at the National Center for Competency Testing. There are three ways to qualify for this certification. First, a person can graduate from an accredited surgical technician program. Second, a person can complete a 2 year on the job training program at the hospital; third, a scrub can obtain 7 years of experience working in the field of surgical technology. After finishing the program, the scrub will be able to use the title Tech-in-Surgery Certified.
Additionally, certified surgical technologists can advance to the position of first assistant or circulator. This position is a critical one in the operating room. This professional is able to assist with more challenging tasks that involve direct patient contact. For example, the first assistant can help control blood flow and loss of blood. This person also keeps a written record of the surgery occurrences during the procedure.
Surgical Technologist Professional Associations
The Association for Surgical Technologists is the largest association for this profession. This group seeks to educate and uphold high standards of excellence for the profession. It is also a voice for the scrub or technicians in the field. It is a good idea for surgical technologists to join this organization. Strong connections and relationships are built. This will help the scrub in their career in this health care field.
Also, joining a professional association is healthy for a scrub’s career. Contacts are made in the meetings and seminars that can prove vital to the surgical technologist.
Surgical Nurse Job Description & Career Opportunities
Surgical nurses are registered nurses specializing in the field of surgical care. They have been educated and trained to be a part of the surgical team. It is their duty to provide patients with utmost care before, during, and after a surgical procedure.
Generally, surgical nurses are employed by private surgery clinics, hospital trauma or emergency centers, and hospital surgical suites. There are different types of surgical nurses such as Scrub nurses, Circulating nurses, RN first assistants, and Perianesthesia nursing. Their job responsibilities vary according to profile.
Duties and Responsibilities
Surgical nurses provide patient care during the pre-surgical, operative, and recovery periods. They help patients physically and emotionally before, during, and after surgery. They also assist surgeons during surgical procedures.
These surgical nurses work with patients who are facing operations and ready them for their procedures, observe them throughout the surgery, and aid them in recovery.
Other duties include assisting with additional supplies or instruments as required by the physician. Surgical nurses have to account for all the equipment, gauze, and any other item used during surgery to make sure that no item is left inside the patient’s body. They are also responsible for the transportation of specimens to the labs. They have to use clamps to control bleeding and perform suturing at the close of the operation.
Surgical nurses rotate in the hospital, assessing patient conditions, addressing social problems related to patients, or may be stationed in the operating room. In the operating room, surgical nurses may work as the RN support that administers direct care to the patient. He may also work outside of the sterile area or provide sterile instruments and equipment to the surgeon.
Surgical nurses also record patient information, monitor progress, check for new symptoms or medication reactions, administer medication, and assist physicians with examinations.
Education and Skills
In order to become a surgical nurse, candidates must have attended nursing school and have the necessary degree or diploma. He must have a bachelor’s degree in nursing and must pass the exam to become a registered nurse. A master’s degree in nursing creates more opportunities for career advancement.
Surgical nurses must be able to work for long hours and should be able to deal with stressful conditions. They should be physically fit and need to be on their feet for long periods of time. Surgical nurses should have attention to detail and be team players. They should be patient and compassionate towards patients.
They should be friendly, caring, sympathetic, and responsible. Exceptional management and decision-making skills are also needed to hand over work to hospital staff and effectively implement various tasks in traumatic conditions.
Work Conditions and Salary
Surgical nurses frequently change stations within the hospital. They can also be stationed only in the operating room.
The average salary for a surgical nurse is around $70,000. However, it can also vary on the size of the hospital, location, and the amount of duties. Experience and education may also contribute to a surgical nurse’s salary rate.
Generally, surgical nurses are employed by private surgery clinics, hospital trauma or emergency centers, and hospital surgical suites. There are different types of surgical nurses such as Scrub nurses, Circulating nurses, RN first assistants, and Perianesthesia nursing. Their job responsibilities vary according to profile.
Duties and Responsibilities
Surgical nurses provide patient care during the pre-surgical, operative, and recovery periods. They help patients physically and emotionally before, during, and after surgery. They also assist surgeons during surgical procedures.
These surgical nurses work with patients who are facing operations and ready them for their procedures, observe them throughout the surgery, and aid them in recovery.
Other duties include assisting with additional supplies or instruments as required by the physician. Surgical nurses have to account for all the equipment, gauze, and any other item used during surgery to make sure that no item is left inside the patient’s body. They are also responsible for the transportation of specimens to the labs. They have to use clamps to control bleeding and perform suturing at the close of the operation.
Surgical nurses rotate in the hospital, assessing patient conditions, addressing social problems related to patients, or may be stationed in the operating room. In the operating room, surgical nurses may work as the RN support that administers direct care to the patient. He may also work outside of the sterile area or provide sterile instruments and equipment to the surgeon.
Surgical nurses also record patient information, monitor progress, check for new symptoms or medication reactions, administer medication, and assist physicians with examinations.
Education and Skills
In order to become a surgical nurse, candidates must have attended nursing school and have the necessary degree or diploma. He must have a bachelor’s degree in nursing and must pass the exam to become a registered nurse. A master’s degree in nursing creates more opportunities for career advancement.
Surgical nurses must be able to work for long hours and should be able to deal with stressful conditions. They should be physically fit and need to be on their feet for long periods of time. Surgical nurses should have attention to detail and be team players. They should be patient and compassionate towards patients.
They should be friendly, caring, sympathetic, and responsible. Exceptional management and decision-making skills are also needed to hand over work to hospital staff and effectively implement various tasks in traumatic conditions.
Work Conditions and Salary
Surgical nurses frequently change stations within the hospital. They can also be stationed only in the operating room.
The average salary for a surgical nurse is around $70,000. However, it can also vary on the size of the hospital, location, and the amount of duties. Experience and education may also contribute to a surgical nurse’s salary rate.
Speech Language Pathology Job Description
A speech pathologist is someone who works with individuals who have trouble speaking, swallowing, or understanding speech. Problems related to speech can arise from stroke, mental retardation, brain injury, delayed development or underdevelopment, or stress or emotional problems. Sometimes people seek a speech pathologist to help them with an accent, lisp, or mispronunciation of words. Others have trouble swallowing, and work with a speech pathologist to help correct any problems. Speech pathologists are highly trained individuals who use tools to help patients correct their speech or to help them learn how to speak or swallow. Speech pathologists work in a variety of environments, including hospitals, clinics, child care centers, or even homes of patients. A speech pathologist must work well with people, since their line of work can often be stressful for the family and for the patient. It is a discipline that takes patience as well, since recovery or learning can often take a long time. For this reason, speech pathologists often work with patients on a long-term scale.
Although the work of a speech pathologist is not physically demanding, it does require a lot of attention to detail. Speech pathologists are able to detect even the slightest variation in pronunciation or tone. For this reason, speech pathologists should be able to stay focused when working with patients. Attention to detail is extremely important in this field. By staying focused, speech pathologists can determine variances in speech patterns and find the root of the problem, thus making a solution easier to come by.
Speech pathologists must also be organized. Often, speech pathologists do not have assistants to help them organize information on patients. It is very important that records are kept on each patient and notes are recorded about visits. For this reason, speech pathologists who do not have assistants must be able to keep records organized and take good notes on sessions with patients. These records help patients see progress in the sessions, as well as help the speech pathologist remember what treatments have been used and which methods to use for which patient. Medical histories are also very important for patient files, and these must be kept up-to-date for each patient.
Speech Language Pathology Training and Education Requirements
In order to become a speech pathologist, several requirements must be filled. First of all, education is very important. Most clinics and hospitals require that speech pathologists have a master’s degree in speech-language pathology, as well as any other training or licensing requirements. Patients in speech pathology require a lot of care and attention, and a speech pathologist must be dedicated to their work in order to help patients as much as possible. Courses required in a speech-language pathology program cover topics like anatomy, disorders, treatment methods, the nature of speech, and the psychology of communication. These courses are geared towards teaching students how to identify a speech problem as well as treatment methods to help patients recover.
Speech Language Pathology Certifications
It is very important that a speech pathologist have the proper training before entering the field. Some states require certification in addition to educational training in order to practice as a speech pathologist. The Certificate of Clinical Competence in Speech-Language Pathology is a common requirement in many states, and this training is offered by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. For more information on state requirements, check with your local authorities.
Speech Language Pathology Professional Associations
The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association is an important association for professionals in this field. From this association, those interestd in becoming a speech pathologist can gain the Certificate of Clinical Competence in Speech-Language Pathology, which has become a requirement for many prospective speech pathologists in many states. To earn this certification, the student must undergo supervised clinical work, as well as complete a master’s degree in their area of study. The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association is an important source of information for students interested in this kind of study.
Speech Language Pathology Salary and Wages
The job outlook for a career in speech pathology is favorable, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The medical field is ever-growing and looking for new applicants. There is an expected increase in jobs for speech pathologists in the next few years, working with older patients from the baby boom of the 1950s who may have developed neurological disorders. Also, with the growth in the development of neuroscience in recent years, this field has become a popular career choice for many up-and-coming medical students.
Most speech pathologists work roughly 40 hours a week, sometimes having to travel from facility to facility to work with patients. An average salary for a speech pathologist is around $70,000, depending on what kind of facility you work in and how much experience you have. For those who work in nursing care facilities and hospitals, pay is usually better than those who work in schools. Pay will also depend on years of experience, training, and qualifications for the position. Speech pathologists must have excellent training in order to succeed in the field, and the job market is looking positive for those interested in this kind of career.
Although the work of a speech pathologist is not physically demanding, it does require a lot of attention to detail. Speech pathologists are able to detect even the slightest variation in pronunciation or tone. For this reason, speech pathologists should be able to stay focused when working with patients. Attention to detail is extremely important in this field. By staying focused, speech pathologists can determine variances in speech patterns and find the root of the problem, thus making a solution easier to come by.
Speech pathologists must also be organized. Often, speech pathologists do not have assistants to help them organize information on patients. It is very important that records are kept on each patient and notes are recorded about visits. For this reason, speech pathologists who do not have assistants must be able to keep records organized and take good notes on sessions with patients. These records help patients see progress in the sessions, as well as help the speech pathologist remember what treatments have been used and which methods to use for which patient. Medical histories are also very important for patient files, and these must be kept up-to-date for each patient.
Speech Language Pathology Training and Education Requirements
In order to become a speech pathologist, several requirements must be filled. First of all, education is very important. Most clinics and hospitals require that speech pathologists have a master’s degree in speech-language pathology, as well as any other training or licensing requirements. Patients in speech pathology require a lot of care and attention, and a speech pathologist must be dedicated to their work in order to help patients as much as possible. Courses required in a speech-language pathology program cover topics like anatomy, disorders, treatment methods, the nature of speech, and the psychology of communication. These courses are geared towards teaching students how to identify a speech problem as well as treatment methods to help patients recover.
Speech Language Pathology Certifications
It is very important that a speech pathologist have the proper training before entering the field. Some states require certification in addition to educational training in order to practice as a speech pathologist. The Certificate of Clinical Competence in Speech-Language Pathology is a common requirement in many states, and this training is offered by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. For more information on state requirements, check with your local authorities.
Speech Language Pathology Professional Associations
The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association is an important association for professionals in this field. From this association, those interestd in becoming a speech pathologist can gain the Certificate of Clinical Competence in Speech-Language Pathology, which has become a requirement for many prospective speech pathologists in many states. To earn this certification, the student must undergo supervised clinical work, as well as complete a master’s degree in their area of study. The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association is an important source of information for students interested in this kind of study.
Speech Language Pathology Salary and Wages
The job outlook for a career in speech pathology is favorable, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The medical field is ever-growing and looking for new applicants. There is an expected increase in jobs for speech pathologists in the next few years, working with older patients from the baby boom of the 1950s who may have developed neurological disorders. Also, with the growth in the development of neuroscience in recent years, this field has become a popular career choice for many up-and-coming medical students.
Most speech pathologists work roughly 40 hours a week, sometimes having to travel from facility to facility to work with patients. An average salary for a speech pathologist is around $70,000, depending on what kind of facility you work in and how much experience you have. For those who work in nursing care facilities and hospitals, pay is usually better than those who work in schools. Pay will also depend on years of experience, training, and qualifications for the position. Speech pathologists must have excellent training in order to succeed in the field, and the job market is looking positive for those interested in this kind of career.
Social Worker Job Description & Career Opportunities
Social work is a job for people that desire to greatly improve the quality of other peoples’ lives. Social workers provide support to people, and they assist them with coping with and solving problems in daily life. Relationships, family, and personal problems cause stress for many people; social workers are helpful in suggesting solutions for these problems. Many times people just need someone else to help them brain storm a situation. This is more productive and helpful to them.
Social work positions generally require a degree in social work or a related field. Check out the programs below which offer free information:
Master of Science in Human Services by Lubbock Christian University
Master of Social Work by University of Southern California
Behavior Analysis Certification by Saint Joseph’s University
Social Worker Job Responsibilities
These professionals help people cope with serious issues; for example, a social worker may help someone deal with a disability, social problems, and domestic violence. In addition, the social worker may do research or advocate for certain disadvantaged groups. Most social workers specialize in assisting a certain group or population of people.
For instance, medical social workers focus entirely on providing psychosocial help to families dealing with terminal, acute, and chronic illnesses. In addition, they provide support to caregivers and counsel patients. Some social workers assist with services for senior citizens and those that provide care for them. Many social workers facilitate support groups for adults of aging parents. This support system is very helpful for these caregivers.
Mental health social workers assist people cope with emotional and mental disorders. Some of these services include the following treatments: group and individual therapy, outreach services, social rehabilitation, and crisis intervention. Family and school social workers assist parents and children deal with different problems. They are focused primarily on helping the student attain academic and personal goals. They may work with students with disabilities, students that abuse drugs, or students that are pregnant. Additionally, the school social worker may address truancy issues within a family.
The psychiatric social worker is skilled at managing the cases of mentally ill patients. The social worker works closely with existing family or other supportive individuals. The main job of the social worker is to help the patient cope with their issues successfully. Many times counseling with the patients over a period of time can improve their ability to manage life stressors. For example, the psychiatric social worker can make suggestions that may relieve some stress for the patient. Also, the social worker can make financial referrals that can assist with medicine, rent, mortgages, utilities, transportation, and food. Oftentimes, assistance with these needs can relieve some of the stress from a patient’s life. Those patients that do not have support systems in place may need to be connected to a support group. The connecting of the person with this help can also reduce the stress in their life. Instead of coping with life alone, the person can receive help and support from another source. This is crucial in maintaining a healthy and balanced life.
Social Worker Training and Education Requirements
The social work field is regulated by certain legal guidelines. Thus, the minimum educational requirement is a bachelor’s degree in social work. Graduates that have majored in sociology, psychology, or another behavioral science field may be qualified for entry level positions in social work. Many positions within the field require a master’s degree. For example, clinical, medical, and school positions all require a master’s level degree. Research and college teaching jobs require a doctoral degree in social work.
During a bachelor degree program in social work, the student will study many social subjects. The student will learn how humans cope and adapt to situations. Psychology courses provide insight into the human mind. Normal and abnormal brain functioning is studied; thus, students become more familiar with certain illnesses and conditions. They are better able to understand mental health conditions that limit the activities of a person. This results in the social worker being able to better relate to persons affected by a mental or substance abuse condition.
Additionally, it is important to attend an accredited degree program in social work. Accredited programs better prepare social work students by requiring a certain number of supervised work hours in the program. These internship opportunities provide valuable on the job social work training.
Social Worker Salary and Wages
In 2008, research indicated that the median salary for most family, school, and child social workers was $39,000 annually. The middle range of social workers earned between $30,000 to $52,000. This figure was largely dependent on education, experience, and industry. The highest paid social workers earn more than $66,000, and the lowest paid earn $25,000 or less.
Social Worker Certifications
The majority of states and the District of Columbia mandate that a social worker be licensed. Every state also requires that a graduate of a bachelor degree social work program have 3,000 hours or two years of supervised clinical experience. This must be completed before the professional can be certified and licensed.
Social Worker Professional Associations
The National Association of Social Workers is the largest professional group of social work professionals in the world. This organization is committed to furthering the professional growth of the profession and its members. The organization also exists to create professional standards. In addition, NASW is committed to advancing worthwhile social policies that affect our nation and world.
Social work positions generally require a degree in social work or a related field. Check out the programs below which offer free information:
Master of Science in Human Services by Lubbock Christian University
Master of Social Work by University of Southern California
Behavior Analysis Certification by Saint Joseph’s University
Social Worker Job Responsibilities
These professionals help people cope with serious issues; for example, a social worker may help someone deal with a disability, social problems, and domestic violence. In addition, the social worker may do research or advocate for certain disadvantaged groups. Most social workers specialize in assisting a certain group or population of people.
For instance, medical social workers focus entirely on providing psychosocial help to families dealing with terminal, acute, and chronic illnesses. In addition, they provide support to caregivers and counsel patients. Some social workers assist with services for senior citizens and those that provide care for them. Many social workers facilitate support groups for adults of aging parents. This support system is very helpful for these caregivers.
Mental health social workers assist people cope with emotional and mental disorders. Some of these services include the following treatments: group and individual therapy, outreach services, social rehabilitation, and crisis intervention. Family and school social workers assist parents and children deal with different problems. They are focused primarily on helping the student attain academic and personal goals. They may work with students with disabilities, students that abuse drugs, or students that are pregnant. Additionally, the school social worker may address truancy issues within a family.
The psychiatric social worker is skilled at managing the cases of mentally ill patients. The social worker works closely with existing family or other supportive individuals. The main job of the social worker is to help the patient cope with their issues successfully. Many times counseling with the patients over a period of time can improve their ability to manage life stressors. For example, the psychiatric social worker can make suggestions that may relieve some stress for the patient. Also, the social worker can make financial referrals that can assist with medicine, rent, mortgages, utilities, transportation, and food. Oftentimes, assistance with these needs can relieve some of the stress from a patient’s life. Those patients that do not have support systems in place may need to be connected to a support group. The connecting of the person with this help can also reduce the stress in their life. Instead of coping with life alone, the person can receive help and support from another source. This is crucial in maintaining a healthy and balanced life.
Social Worker Training and Education Requirements
The social work field is regulated by certain legal guidelines. Thus, the minimum educational requirement is a bachelor’s degree in social work. Graduates that have majored in sociology, psychology, or another behavioral science field may be qualified for entry level positions in social work. Many positions within the field require a master’s degree. For example, clinical, medical, and school positions all require a master’s level degree. Research and college teaching jobs require a doctoral degree in social work.
During a bachelor degree program in social work, the student will study many social subjects. The student will learn how humans cope and adapt to situations. Psychology courses provide insight into the human mind. Normal and abnormal brain functioning is studied; thus, students become more familiar with certain illnesses and conditions. They are better able to understand mental health conditions that limit the activities of a person. This results in the social worker being able to better relate to persons affected by a mental or substance abuse condition.
Additionally, it is important to attend an accredited degree program in social work. Accredited programs better prepare social work students by requiring a certain number of supervised work hours in the program. These internship opportunities provide valuable on the job social work training.
Social Worker Salary and Wages
In 2008, research indicated that the median salary for most family, school, and child social workers was $39,000 annually. The middle range of social workers earned between $30,000 to $52,000. This figure was largely dependent on education, experience, and industry. The highest paid social workers earn more than $66,000, and the lowest paid earn $25,000 or less.
Social Worker Certifications
The majority of states and the District of Columbia mandate that a social worker be licensed. Every state also requires that a graduate of a bachelor degree social work program have 3,000 hours or two years of supervised clinical experience. This must be completed before the professional can be certified and licensed.
Social Worker Professional Associations
The National Association of Social Workers is the largest professional group of social work professionals in the world. This organization is committed to furthering the professional growth of the profession and its members. The organization also exists to create professional standards. In addition, NASW is committed to advancing worthwhile social policies that affect our nation and world.
Respiratory Therapist Job Description & Career Opportunities
A respiratory therapist must treat patients that have a breathing problem or cardiopulmonary issues. The respiratory therapist must work under the supervision of a physician. This professional is responsible for the primary care of treatments and all diagnostic procedures. This includes supervising respiratory technicians. They must work with other health care personnel to adjust treatment plans for the patient. In addition, the respiratory therapist must be comfortable with making difficult decisions; oftentimes, this professional must treat patients that are on life support equipment.
Working as a respiratory therapist requires certification and the completion of a degree program. Check out the schools below which offer free information:
BS in Respiratory Care by Grand Canyon University
Bachelor of Science in Respiratory Care by Carrington College
Respiratory Therapist Job Responsibilities
Also, the respiratory therapist must work with patients of all ages. The therapist must treat premature infants and elderly patients with breathing problems. The infant may have breathing problems due to lungs that are not fully developed. They also help people with breathing problems due to asthma or emphysema. Furthermore, the therapist provides emergency treatments to people that have experienced a stroke, heart attack, or some other life threatening emergency situation. The first step is stabilizing the patient. Then, the respiratory therapist must examine the patient to determine what treatments will work best for the condition. There are several methods that can be used to determine the breathing capacity of a patient. Blood tests can measure the amount of oxygen in the blood. Lung capacity tests can also measure the flow of oxygen to the blood and vital organs. This information is given to a doctor, and the doctor makes the final determination of the best treatment options.
For instance, one treatment method involves having the patient to inhale an oxygen mixture. An oxygen mask may have to be used to get the extra oxygen in the blood. Also, the therapist may have to connect the patient to a ventilator that delivers oxygen directly to the lungs. A breathing tube is inserted into the windpipe and the patient receives the oxygen from the ventilator in this way. The respiratory therapist must constantly measure the amount of oxygen the person is receiving. Any problems may demand that the oxygen levels be adjusted.
Respiratory Therapist Training and Education Requirements
A respiratory therapist must have at least an associate degree to practice this medical career. All states excluding Alaska and Hawaii require respiratory therapists to be licensed. Advancement opportunities may be more available to those that have bachelor’s and master’s degrees. A person can be trained in respiratory therapy at colleges, universities, vocational schools, and the military. The therapist can receive either an associate, bachelor, or master’s degree in the discipline. This education prepares them for advanced careers in respiratory therapy.
Furthermore, during the training program, students will learn about many health related courses. Complete knowledge of human anatomy, medical terminology, physiology, pharmacology, and chemistry are required to finish the degree program. It is important to have a firm grasp of mathematical concepts, physical, and chemical principles. Mathematical knowledge is necessary to compute drug dosages and gas concentrations for the patient.
When a respiratory therapist focuses on critically ill patients, the position is considered more advanced. These respiratory therapists tend to specialize in these areas. There is also room for advancement to a managerial or supervisory position in a hospital respiratory department. There are also opportunities to teach, work in home health care, or work with a pharmaceutical company in research. The possibilities are many in this profession.
In conclusion, the respiratory therapist must be emotionally stable and able to think independently. Life and death decisions have to be made for respiratory care for patients. The successful respiratory therapist must be able to make quick and sound decisions. This professional must be able to communicate with physicians and other health personnel. The ability to work in a team oriented environment is a definite necessity in the health care field.
Respiratory Therapist Salary and Wages
The 2008 wage survey of respiratory therapists indicate that the median salary is $52,000 per year. The middle group earned between $44,000 and $61,000 annually. Only the bottom 10% earned $37,000 or less. Top earners brought in $69,000 per year or more per year. There are other opportunities for advancement based on experience, certifications, and education. Many respiratory therapist that choose to specialize tend to make greater than $69,000. Those that supervise an entire respiratory therapy department can make six figure salaries. The potential for lucrative financial compensation is great in this profession.
Respiratory Therapist Certifications
Every state excluding Alaska and Hawaii require respiratory therapists to have a license. In addition, most employers require the respiratory therapist to have a valid CPR certification. Certification is based on meeting the standards established by the National Board for Respiratory Care. The professional can earn the credential of Certified Respiratory Therapist from this organization. The Registered Respiratory Therapist credential is granted to those who have completed more advanced certification requirements.
Respiratory Therapist Professional Associations
There are several professional associations for respiratory care. The American Association for Respiratory Care provides an environment for respiratory therapy professionals to grow and continue learning. In addition, this organization gives a voice to the professionals in respiratory therapy. The National Board for Respiratory Care issues credentials to those in respiratory therapy that meet established credentials.
Working as a respiratory therapist requires certification and the completion of a degree program. Check out the schools below which offer free information:
BS in Respiratory Care by Grand Canyon University
Bachelor of Science in Respiratory Care by Carrington College
Respiratory Therapist Job Responsibilities
Also, the respiratory therapist must work with patients of all ages. The therapist must treat premature infants and elderly patients with breathing problems. The infant may have breathing problems due to lungs that are not fully developed. They also help people with breathing problems due to asthma or emphysema. Furthermore, the therapist provides emergency treatments to people that have experienced a stroke, heart attack, or some other life threatening emergency situation. The first step is stabilizing the patient. Then, the respiratory therapist must examine the patient to determine what treatments will work best for the condition. There are several methods that can be used to determine the breathing capacity of a patient. Blood tests can measure the amount of oxygen in the blood. Lung capacity tests can also measure the flow of oxygen to the blood and vital organs. This information is given to a doctor, and the doctor makes the final determination of the best treatment options.
For instance, one treatment method involves having the patient to inhale an oxygen mixture. An oxygen mask may have to be used to get the extra oxygen in the blood. Also, the therapist may have to connect the patient to a ventilator that delivers oxygen directly to the lungs. A breathing tube is inserted into the windpipe and the patient receives the oxygen from the ventilator in this way. The respiratory therapist must constantly measure the amount of oxygen the person is receiving. Any problems may demand that the oxygen levels be adjusted.
Respiratory Therapist Training and Education Requirements
A respiratory therapist must have at least an associate degree to practice this medical career. All states excluding Alaska and Hawaii require respiratory therapists to be licensed. Advancement opportunities may be more available to those that have bachelor’s and master’s degrees. A person can be trained in respiratory therapy at colleges, universities, vocational schools, and the military. The therapist can receive either an associate, bachelor, or master’s degree in the discipline. This education prepares them for advanced careers in respiratory therapy.
Furthermore, during the training program, students will learn about many health related courses. Complete knowledge of human anatomy, medical terminology, physiology, pharmacology, and chemistry are required to finish the degree program. It is important to have a firm grasp of mathematical concepts, physical, and chemical principles. Mathematical knowledge is necessary to compute drug dosages and gas concentrations for the patient.
When a respiratory therapist focuses on critically ill patients, the position is considered more advanced. These respiratory therapists tend to specialize in these areas. There is also room for advancement to a managerial or supervisory position in a hospital respiratory department. There are also opportunities to teach, work in home health care, or work with a pharmaceutical company in research. The possibilities are many in this profession.
In conclusion, the respiratory therapist must be emotionally stable and able to think independently. Life and death decisions have to be made for respiratory care for patients. The successful respiratory therapist must be able to make quick and sound decisions. This professional must be able to communicate with physicians and other health personnel. The ability to work in a team oriented environment is a definite necessity in the health care field.
Respiratory Therapist Salary and Wages
The 2008 wage survey of respiratory therapists indicate that the median salary is $52,000 per year. The middle group earned between $44,000 and $61,000 annually. Only the bottom 10% earned $37,000 or less. Top earners brought in $69,000 per year or more per year. There are other opportunities for advancement based on experience, certifications, and education. Many respiratory therapist that choose to specialize tend to make greater than $69,000. Those that supervise an entire respiratory therapy department can make six figure salaries. The potential for lucrative financial compensation is great in this profession.
Respiratory Therapist Certifications
Every state excluding Alaska and Hawaii require respiratory therapists to have a license. In addition, most employers require the respiratory therapist to have a valid CPR certification. Certification is based on meeting the standards established by the National Board for Respiratory Care. The professional can earn the credential of Certified Respiratory Therapist from this organization. The Registered Respiratory Therapist credential is granted to those who have completed more advanced certification requirements.
Respiratory Therapist Professional Associations
There are several professional associations for respiratory care. The American Association for Respiratory Care provides an environment for respiratory therapy professionals to grow and continue learning. In addition, this organization gives a voice to the professionals in respiratory therapy. The National Board for Respiratory Care issues credentials to those in respiratory therapy that meet established credentials.
Recreational Therapy Job Description
Therapist are a lot like doctors except there are fewer white coats and stethoscopes and more Rorschach tests, and talking. Some therapists heal patients through conversation and time while others, like recreational therapists, heal through motion and physical activity. At times the body calls for medicine to feel better, at times it needs a few hours in the chair discussing the more mental aspects, and other times the body just needs to do what it does best; move.
Recreational Therapy Job Responsibilities
Recreational therapists are also known as “therapeutic recreation specialists.” Their job is to put together recreational activities and treatment services for people with illnesses or disabilities. With the utilization of various techniques, including games, arts, sports, crafts, music, dance and movement, drama, and community outings, therapists assist with building and maintaining the mental, emotional, and physical well-being of their clients.
Recreation specialists also assist patients in reducing anxiety, depression, and stress; gain back basic motor functioning and deductive abilities; strengthen confidence; and socialize effectively in order that they may gain more independence and get rid of or decrease the effects of their disability or illness. In addition to that, specialists assist clients with disabilities to immerse themselves into society by instructing them on how to utilize community resources and recreational activities.
In certain healthcare settings like rehabilitation centers and hospitals, recreational therapists rehabilitate and care for patients with certain health conditions, normally paired together or in addition with psychologists, nurses, physicians, occupational and physical therapists, and social workers. In residential care and long-term care facilities, recreational therapists utilize leisure activities to help build and maintain their patients’ overall well-being and health. Therapists might also handle interventions to keep the patient from enduring more medical complications and problems.
Recreational therapists observe individuals using standardized assessments, observations, the medical staff, medical records, and family of the client as well as the clients themselves. They then produce and perform therapeutic interventions on par with the interests and needs of the client. This may include encouraging isolated clients to interact more with others, or instruct left-handed patients with left-sided paralysis how they can use their right side to swing a bat or toss a ball. Recreational specialists may teach clients relaxation techniques in order to release and reduce tension and stress, limbering and stretching exercises, energy conservation and pacing techniques, proper body mechanics for recreational activities, and team activities.
Recreational Therapy Training and Educational Requirements
Several beginning recreational therapists must have a bachelor’s degree in either therapeutic recreation, or in basic recreation with a focus applied to therapeutic recreation. Some may qualify with a certain combination of training, education, and experience that would equal what could be called competent in the field. Currently there are more than 100 academic programs that ready students for careers as recreational therapists. Recreational therapeutic programs include classes in program planning, intervention, assessment, evaluation, and intervention design. Students also take courses in abnormal psychology, human anatomy, psychiatric and medical terminology, physiology, characteristics of disabilities and illnesses, the use of assistive technology and devices, and professional ethics. Internships in the field are included in bachelor’s degree programs.
Recreational Therapy Salary and Wages
In May 2008 the median annual wages of recreational therapists were $38,370. The middle 50 percent made between $29,660 and $49,140. The lowest ten percent made less than $23,150, and the highest ten percent made more than $60,280. In May 2008 the median annual wages in businesses employing the largest amount of recreational therapists in surgical and general medical hospitals was $42,210, $40,310 in the State government, $40,150 in substance abuse and psychiatric hospitals, $33,920 in nursing homes, and $33,490 in community care centers for the elderly.
Recreational Therapy Certifications
A great deal of employers would rather hire therapeutic recreation specialists who are certified even though certification is strictly voluntary. Employment in clinical setting usually call for certification by the National Council for Therapeutic Recreation Certification. The organization offers the Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist credential to specialists who successfully complete a written exam and finish a supervised internship of at least 480 hours. For credentialing, a minimum of a bachelor’s degree in recreational therapy is needed from a recognized institution, but a few may qualify with equal experience, training, and education. Therapists have to meet other requirements to keep up with their certification.
Recreational Therapy Professional Associations
The American Therapeutic Recreation Association (ATRA) was founded in the District of Columbia in 1984 as a non-profit, grassroots association in regards to a mounting concern about the extreme changes in the healthcare industry. They are the largest national membership association catering to the needs and interests of recreational specialists. Specialists are providers of healthcare who utilize therapy interventions for enhanced functioning of clients with disabling conditions or illness.
ATRA’s vision is to be the first and foremost professional membership organization catering to the needs of recreational therapists, stakeholders, and consumers. Their mission is to be a member-lead association that works together to support the efforts of the recreational therapy profession.
Recreational Therapy Job Responsibilities
Recreational therapists are also known as “therapeutic recreation specialists.” Their job is to put together recreational activities and treatment services for people with illnesses or disabilities. With the utilization of various techniques, including games, arts, sports, crafts, music, dance and movement, drama, and community outings, therapists assist with building and maintaining the mental, emotional, and physical well-being of their clients.
Recreation specialists also assist patients in reducing anxiety, depression, and stress; gain back basic motor functioning and deductive abilities; strengthen confidence; and socialize effectively in order that they may gain more independence and get rid of or decrease the effects of their disability or illness. In addition to that, specialists assist clients with disabilities to immerse themselves into society by instructing them on how to utilize community resources and recreational activities.
In certain healthcare settings like rehabilitation centers and hospitals, recreational therapists rehabilitate and care for patients with certain health conditions, normally paired together or in addition with psychologists, nurses, physicians, occupational and physical therapists, and social workers. In residential care and long-term care facilities, recreational therapists utilize leisure activities to help build and maintain their patients’ overall well-being and health. Therapists might also handle interventions to keep the patient from enduring more medical complications and problems.
Recreational therapists observe individuals using standardized assessments, observations, the medical staff, medical records, and family of the client as well as the clients themselves. They then produce and perform therapeutic interventions on par with the interests and needs of the client. This may include encouraging isolated clients to interact more with others, or instruct left-handed patients with left-sided paralysis how they can use their right side to swing a bat or toss a ball. Recreational specialists may teach clients relaxation techniques in order to release and reduce tension and stress, limbering and stretching exercises, energy conservation and pacing techniques, proper body mechanics for recreational activities, and team activities.
Recreational Therapy Training and Educational Requirements
Several beginning recreational therapists must have a bachelor’s degree in either therapeutic recreation, or in basic recreation with a focus applied to therapeutic recreation. Some may qualify with a certain combination of training, education, and experience that would equal what could be called competent in the field. Currently there are more than 100 academic programs that ready students for careers as recreational therapists. Recreational therapeutic programs include classes in program planning, intervention, assessment, evaluation, and intervention design. Students also take courses in abnormal psychology, human anatomy, psychiatric and medical terminology, physiology, characteristics of disabilities and illnesses, the use of assistive technology and devices, and professional ethics. Internships in the field are included in bachelor’s degree programs.
Recreational Therapy Salary and Wages
In May 2008 the median annual wages of recreational therapists were $38,370. The middle 50 percent made between $29,660 and $49,140. The lowest ten percent made less than $23,150, and the highest ten percent made more than $60,280. In May 2008 the median annual wages in businesses employing the largest amount of recreational therapists in surgical and general medical hospitals was $42,210, $40,310 in the State government, $40,150 in substance abuse and psychiatric hospitals, $33,920 in nursing homes, and $33,490 in community care centers for the elderly.
Recreational Therapy Certifications
A great deal of employers would rather hire therapeutic recreation specialists who are certified even though certification is strictly voluntary. Employment in clinical setting usually call for certification by the National Council for Therapeutic Recreation Certification. The organization offers the Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialist credential to specialists who successfully complete a written exam and finish a supervised internship of at least 480 hours. For credentialing, a minimum of a bachelor’s degree in recreational therapy is needed from a recognized institution, but a few may qualify with equal experience, training, and education. Therapists have to meet other requirements to keep up with their certification.
Recreational Therapy Professional Associations
The American Therapeutic Recreation Association (ATRA) was founded in the District of Columbia in 1984 as a non-profit, grassroots association in regards to a mounting concern about the extreme changes in the healthcare industry. They are the largest national membership association catering to the needs and interests of recreational specialists. Specialists are providers of healthcare who utilize therapy interventions for enhanced functioning of clients with disabling conditions or illness.
ATRA’s vision is to be the first and foremost professional membership organization catering to the needs of recreational therapists, stakeholders, and consumers. Their mission is to be a member-lead association that works together to support the efforts of the recreational therapy profession.
Radiologist Job Description & Career Opportunities
A radiologist is a physician with a full medical and doctorate degree who reads, diagnoses, and treats the human body by using radioactive substances, x-rays, and other digital images of patients obtained through a variety of machines and imaging equipment. Radiologists have a very high level of knowledge about various medical imaging modalities and how to utilize findings in order to properly diagnose. The radiologist is the one who analyzes the findings and does the diagnoses while the Radiologic Technologist is the professional who specializes in the actual performance of the imaging techniques.
Education
To become a Radiologist you must start by completing a bachelor’s degree, which will take four years. Then, you must complete medical school which usually takes another four years. After the formal education, you must complete a residency which will take an additional several years. Most M.D’s indicate that you should expect to be in a learning mode for an average of 12 years. And some radiologists choose to subspecialize that will add another year to the learning phase of their career.
Duties and Responsibilities
Radiologists examine patients, obtain medical history, diagnose illnesses based on imaging and related tests, and also recommend additional exams or treatment plans if necessary. They also administer radiopaque substances by injection, orally, or as enemas to render internal structures and organs visible on x-ray films or fluoroscopic screens. Radiologists are sometimes referred to as Radiographers because sometimes they create x-ray images of different parts of a patient’s body to help diagnose health problems or injuries. They also examine internal structures and functions of organ systems, making diagnoses after the correlation of x-ray findings with other examinations and tests. Often, radiologists work together with other physicians in order to use all the information and tools at their disposal while attempting to diagnose.
Qualifications
Radiologists must have a comprehensive understanding of the human anatomy, medicine, and scientific principles relating to human health just like most physicians. They should be technically savvy, as they will be working on a computer frequently, should be highly focused, and have excellent vision and analytical skills with a keen eye for details. They need to keep up to date with new techniques and technologies, for everything gets upgraded regularly. They must love challenges for being a radiologist is going to be challenging because there are always new things to learn about. Radiologists have to be flexible due to the nature of their work. They should be able to take a call from home and read scans on a computer linked into a hospital network.
Salary and Compensation
Radiology is one of the most lucrative medical specialties a physician can practice. They enjoy some of the highest salaries and best benefits of all physicians. Although being a radiologist is stressful, they have time to enjoy their salaries, as they have more vacation than most physicians, nearly twice the average.
Working Environment
Radiologists do not typically spend much time directly interacting with patients, unless they practice interventional radiology. Most radiologists spend the majority of their time in an office setting, interpreting images, reading reports, recording the results and diagnosis to be reviewed by treating physicians. Their work is collaborative and consultative, coordinating with the techs and allied health professionals who obtain the digital images, and also collaborating with other physicians. Sometimes they also have to travel in large vans equipped with advanced diagnostic equipment.
Education
To become a Radiologist you must start by completing a bachelor’s degree, which will take four years. Then, you must complete medical school which usually takes another four years. After the formal education, you must complete a residency which will take an additional several years. Most M.D’s indicate that you should expect to be in a learning mode for an average of 12 years. And some radiologists choose to subspecialize that will add another year to the learning phase of their career.
Duties and Responsibilities
Radiologists examine patients, obtain medical history, diagnose illnesses based on imaging and related tests, and also recommend additional exams or treatment plans if necessary. They also administer radiopaque substances by injection, orally, or as enemas to render internal structures and organs visible on x-ray films or fluoroscopic screens. Radiologists are sometimes referred to as Radiographers because sometimes they create x-ray images of different parts of a patient’s body to help diagnose health problems or injuries. They also examine internal structures and functions of organ systems, making diagnoses after the correlation of x-ray findings with other examinations and tests. Often, radiologists work together with other physicians in order to use all the information and tools at their disposal while attempting to diagnose.
Qualifications
Radiologists must have a comprehensive understanding of the human anatomy, medicine, and scientific principles relating to human health just like most physicians. They should be technically savvy, as they will be working on a computer frequently, should be highly focused, and have excellent vision and analytical skills with a keen eye for details. They need to keep up to date with new techniques and technologies, for everything gets upgraded regularly. They must love challenges for being a radiologist is going to be challenging because there are always new things to learn about. Radiologists have to be flexible due to the nature of their work. They should be able to take a call from home and read scans on a computer linked into a hospital network.
Salary and Compensation
Radiology is one of the most lucrative medical specialties a physician can practice. They enjoy some of the highest salaries and best benefits of all physicians. Although being a radiologist is stressful, they have time to enjoy their salaries, as they have more vacation than most physicians, nearly twice the average.
Working Environment
Radiologists do not typically spend much time directly interacting with patients, unless they practice interventional radiology. Most radiologists spend the majority of their time in an office setting, interpreting images, reading reports, recording the results and diagnosis to be reviewed by treating physicians. Their work is collaborative and consultative, coordinating with the techs and allied health professionals who obtain the digital images, and also collaborating with other physicians. Sometimes they also have to travel in large vans equipped with advanced diagnostic equipment.
Radiologic Technologist and Technician Job Description & Career Opportunities
Radiologic technologists take diagnostic images for physician examination. X-rays are the most commonly known form of diagnostic imaging. Other techniques include mammography, tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. These images are used in diagnosing medical problems with the human body.
Radiologic technician jobs require the completion of an accredited training program. Check out the programs below which offer free information:
Associate of Occupational Science in Radiography by Pima Medical Institute
Bachelor of Science in Radiologic Sciences by Pima Medical Institute
Bachelor of Science in Radiologic Sciences by Florida Hospital College
The job of the radiologic technologist is to first inform patients of what they are doing. Then, this professional must remove all items that will show up on the x-ray film. They must also position the person so that the image will be properly radiographed. The radiologic technician covers up exposed parts of the body to prevent unnecessary radiation exposure. They must adjust the settings on the equipment according to the area that will be radiographed. This is to ensure that the correct contrast, detail, and density is present on the image.
Radiologic Technologist and Technician Job Responsibilities
Additionally, the radiologic technologist must listen carefully to the physician’s instructions. Then, this professional must follow through to capture the images needed to make the proper diagnosis. Radiation guidelines must be followed closely to protect the radiologic technologist and other co-workers from harmful exposure. Additional duties for these professionals include the following tasks: maintaining patient files, maintaining equipment, and ordering supplies. Those that are in management positions must supervise the entire department. The supervisor must be extremely knowledgeable about all governmental regulations and guidelines. The manager must keep the staff trained and up-to-date on new standards and procedures.
This profession is not without hazards. Radiation can pose serious risks; therefore, all technicians must follow established guidelines explicitly. Failure to follow these rules is a danger to self, co-workers, and patients. Federal regulations are designed to protect the technicians and patients. Adhering to these rules will reduce the risks of excessive radiation exposure.
The radiologic technologist should have good physical stamina. These professionals must be able to stand for long time periods. They must also be able to lift and turn patients with disabilities. In some cases, the technician must travel to the patient with the proper equipment. Some of these professionals have a van with portable equipment; this equipment can be taken to the location of the patient. Thus, the technician must be flexible and willing to work in different settings.
A more complex procedure involves this technician preparing a drink for the patient to drink, and the technician will then radiograph certain areas of the body. Many professionals in this field specialize. For example, some focus on computed tomography. This form of imaging produces a three dimensional image of the specified body area. Other technicians choose to specialize in magnetic resonance imaging. This form of imaging uses non ionizing frequency to create the proper contrast.
Radiologic Technologist and Technician Training and Education Requirements
There are several ways to enter into this field. An accredited program in radiography can lead to one of three possible credentials: a certificate, an associate degree, or a bachelor’s degree. The majority of radiologic technologists have an associate degree in radiography. A certificate radiography program lasts from 21-24 months. Programs that have been accredited by The Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology . These programs teach students about the various topics in radiology.
Radiologic Technologist and Technician Training and Salary and Wages
Labor specialists found that in 2008, the median salary for a radiologic technician was approximately $52,000. The earners that all in the middle range make between $42,000 and $63,000 per year. The radiologic technicians that make $35,000 or less are the lowest earners in the profession. The top people in the field earn $74,000 or more per year.
Radiologic Technologist and Technician Certifications
The U.S. federal government regulates the radiography profession. It requires each radiologic technician be properly licensed before working in the field. Each state must be the enforcer of licensing guidelines for these technicians. The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists provides examination that results in a voluntary certification in radiography. ARRT requires that a student graduate from an accredited ARRT program and pass the written examination. The vast majority of employers prefer to hire professionals that have a radiography certification. The status of being a certified radiologic technician is maintained by completing 24 hours of continuing education within 2 years.
There is definite room for advancement within the profession. Experience and specialized training can lead to positions in CT scanning, MR scanning, or bone density scanning. Those radiologic technologists with extensive experience can advance to supervisory roles and eventually to departmental head roles. Other professionals choose to pursue graduate education in radiography. A master’s degree or doctoral degree can lead to teaching at a college or research. In addition, some radiography professionals choose to go on and work with radiography equipment manufacturers.
Radiologic Technologist and Technician Professional Associations
The American Society of Radiologic Technologists is a professional association that seeks to uplift the members of the organization. This association exists to promote high standards in the profession, and the group also is a place of continuing learning of the radiography profession. Technicians in radiology benefit substantially by surrounding themselves with other professionals in the field. Shared knowledge and relationship can prove helpful to a technician’s career.
Radiologic technician jobs require the completion of an accredited training program. Check out the programs below which offer free information:
Associate of Occupational Science in Radiography by Pima Medical Institute
Bachelor of Science in Radiologic Sciences by Pima Medical Institute
Bachelor of Science in Radiologic Sciences by Florida Hospital College
The job of the radiologic technologist is to first inform patients of what they are doing. Then, this professional must remove all items that will show up on the x-ray film. They must also position the person so that the image will be properly radiographed. The radiologic technician covers up exposed parts of the body to prevent unnecessary radiation exposure. They must adjust the settings on the equipment according to the area that will be radiographed. This is to ensure that the correct contrast, detail, and density is present on the image.
Radiologic Technologist and Technician Job Responsibilities
Additionally, the radiologic technologist must listen carefully to the physician’s instructions. Then, this professional must follow through to capture the images needed to make the proper diagnosis. Radiation guidelines must be followed closely to protect the radiologic technologist and other co-workers from harmful exposure. Additional duties for these professionals include the following tasks: maintaining patient files, maintaining equipment, and ordering supplies. Those that are in management positions must supervise the entire department. The supervisor must be extremely knowledgeable about all governmental regulations and guidelines. The manager must keep the staff trained and up-to-date on new standards and procedures.
This profession is not without hazards. Radiation can pose serious risks; therefore, all technicians must follow established guidelines explicitly. Failure to follow these rules is a danger to self, co-workers, and patients. Federal regulations are designed to protect the technicians and patients. Adhering to these rules will reduce the risks of excessive radiation exposure.
The radiologic technologist should have good physical stamina. These professionals must be able to stand for long time periods. They must also be able to lift and turn patients with disabilities. In some cases, the technician must travel to the patient with the proper equipment. Some of these professionals have a van with portable equipment; this equipment can be taken to the location of the patient. Thus, the technician must be flexible and willing to work in different settings.
A more complex procedure involves this technician preparing a drink for the patient to drink, and the technician will then radiograph certain areas of the body. Many professionals in this field specialize. For example, some focus on computed tomography. This form of imaging produces a three dimensional image of the specified body area. Other technicians choose to specialize in magnetic resonance imaging. This form of imaging uses non ionizing frequency to create the proper contrast.
Radiologic Technologist and Technician Training and Education Requirements
There are several ways to enter into this field. An accredited program in radiography can lead to one of three possible credentials: a certificate, an associate degree, or a bachelor’s degree. The majority of radiologic technologists have an associate degree in radiography. A certificate radiography program lasts from 21-24 months. Programs that have been accredited by The Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology . These programs teach students about the various topics in radiology.
Radiologic Technologist and Technician Training and Salary and Wages
Labor specialists found that in 2008, the median salary for a radiologic technician was approximately $52,000. The earners that all in the middle range make between $42,000 and $63,000 per year. The radiologic technicians that make $35,000 or less are the lowest earners in the profession. The top people in the field earn $74,000 or more per year.
Radiologic Technologist and Technician Certifications
The U.S. federal government regulates the radiography profession. It requires each radiologic technician be properly licensed before working in the field. Each state must be the enforcer of licensing guidelines for these technicians. The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists provides examination that results in a voluntary certification in radiography. ARRT requires that a student graduate from an accredited ARRT program and pass the written examination. The vast majority of employers prefer to hire professionals that have a radiography certification. The status of being a certified radiologic technician is maintained by completing 24 hours of continuing education within 2 years.
There is definite room for advancement within the profession. Experience and specialized training can lead to positions in CT scanning, MR scanning, or bone density scanning. Those radiologic technologists with extensive experience can advance to supervisory roles and eventually to departmental head roles. Other professionals choose to pursue graduate education in radiography. A master’s degree or doctoral degree can lead to teaching at a college or research. In addition, some radiography professionals choose to go on and work with radiography equipment manufacturers.
Radiologic Technologist and Technician Professional Associations
The American Society of Radiologic Technologists is a professional association that seeks to uplift the members of the organization. This association exists to promote high standards in the profession, and the group also is a place of continuing learning of the radiography profession. Technicians in radiology benefit substantially by surrounding themselves with other professionals in the field. Shared knowledge and relationship can prove helpful to a technician’s career.
Public Health Educator Job Description & Career Opportunities
Public health educators are responsible for promoting healthy lifestyles and educating the public about health issues such as nutrition and wellness. The public health educator may teach classes on nutrition, food safety, prenatal care, child care, parenting family planning, and prevention of sexually transmitted disease. A public health educator is responsible for planning, implementing and evaluating health education programs to determine impacts and outcomes.
Most public health positions require completion of a degree program in public help, with many also requiring a masters degree. Check out the programs below which offer free information:
B.S. in Public Health by Kaplan University
Master of Public Health (M.P.H.) by Walden University
Master of Public Health by Grand Canyon University
Public Health Educator Job Responsibilities
Public health educators conduct periodic community health assessments to determine which health issues need to be addressed in the community. They also organize community groups and volunteers to address health issues and health disparities among different groups. Health education audiences may include adults and/or children.
Health educators also write original health education materials and curriculum. Health educators in business and industry are responsible for employee wellness programs. Health educators write grants to obtain funding to implement health education programs and special projects. Health educators with advanced degrees may teach in college health education programs or engage in health education research at major universities.
Health educators may also be self employed as consultants, grant writers and trainers for other agencies. Health educators with advanced degrees and several years of experience often work as supervisors, health education directors or executive directors of health and human service agencies. The role for health educators will be important in the coming years due to efforts to implement health care reform. Job responsibilities will focus heavily on preventive health strategies as a means of reducing health care costs.
Public Health Educator Training and Education Requirements
A bachelors degree in public health education or closely related degree area qualifies one to work as an entry level health educator. Ideally, the public health educator will have at least a bachelor’s degree in public health education or health promotion. However some health educators may come from disciplines such as nutrition, nursing, exercise and sports science and biology. Courses taken should include community health, epidemiology, nutrition, teaching methods in health education, first aid, parent education, communications, human sexually, sociology, psychology, biology, physiology, and school health education. At the graduate level courses required include research in health education, biostatistics, epidemiology, grant writing, public health leadership and program management and evaluation. At the graduate level, a public health education would earn a Master of Public Health degree, a master’s in health education or a master’s degree in health promotion. A public health educator should have good oral and written communication skills, knowledge of strategic planning and community health assessment skills. Health educators can earn doctoral degrees at several universities in the U.S.
Public Health Educator Salary and Wages
The salary for public health educators varies widely depending on the setting and the geographical location. In the government and non-profit sectors salaries depend largely on how much money is allocated either through public funding or private grants. In county health departments health educators in entry level positions may earn $29,000 per year while in an urban teaching hospital or workplace wellness program a health educator with five years of experience may earn over $40,000 per year. Master’s level and certified health educators can earn between $60.000 – $80,000 per year. Self-employed health educators may enjoy unlimited earnings depending upon the area of expertise.
Public Health Educator Certifications
Public health educators can obtain certification through the National Commission for Health Education Credentialing. Persons seeking this certification must already hold a bachelor’s degree or equivalent in health education or be within 3 months of earning the degree to sit for the examination. A minimum passing score is required on the examination which covers basic areas of responsibility in health education. The certified health education specialist examination is generally given twice during the year, in April and October, at a college or university that has a public health education degree program. Those seeking certification can order the appropriate study materials from NCHEC. After passing the exam the health educator earns the title of certified health education specialist or CHES. To maintain the CHES designation, the health educator must earn 75 hours of approved training every five years. NCHEC has recently developed an advanced level of certification known as the master certified health education specialist. Some states have their own credentialing programs or professional registries for health educators.
Public Health Educator Professional Associations
Public health educators have several professional organizations to join. Among the professional associations of interest to public health educators include the Society for Public Health Education or (SOPHE); the American Association for Health Education (AAHE) and the American Public Health Association (APHA). Each of these associations has a state affiliate. There are fees associated with membership and members can take advantage of professional development. leadership and networking opportunities. Public health educators who work in other disciplines are usually eligible for membership in organizations representing those areas.
Most public health positions require completion of a degree program in public help, with many also requiring a masters degree. Check out the programs below which offer free information:
B.S. in Public Health by Kaplan University
Master of Public Health (M.P.H.) by Walden University
Master of Public Health by Grand Canyon University
Public Health Educator Job Responsibilities
Public health educators conduct periodic community health assessments to determine which health issues need to be addressed in the community. They also organize community groups and volunteers to address health issues and health disparities among different groups. Health education audiences may include adults and/or children.
Health educators also write original health education materials and curriculum. Health educators in business and industry are responsible for employee wellness programs. Health educators write grants to obtain funding to implement health education programs and special projects. Health educators with advanced degrees may teach in college health education programs or engage in health education research at major universities.
Health educators may also be self employed as consultants, grant writers and trainers for other agencies. Health educators with advanced degrees and several years of experience often work as supervisors, health education directors or executive directors of health and human service agencies. The role for health educators will be important in the coming years due to efforts to implement health care reform. Job responsibilities will focus heavily on preventive health strategies as a means of reducing health care costs.
Public Health Educator Training and Education Requirements
A bachelors degree in public health education or closely related degree area qualifies one to work as an entry level health educator. Ideally, the public health educator will have at least a bachelor’s degree in public health education or health promotion. However some health educators may come from disciplines such as nutrition, nursing, exercise and sports science and biology. Courses taken should include community health, epidemiology, nutrition, teaching methods in health education, first aid, parent education, communications, human sexually, sociology, psychology, biology, physiology, and school health education. At the graduate level courses required include research in health education, biostatistics, epidemiology, grant writing, public health leadership and program management and evaluation. At the graduate level, a public health education would earn a Master of Public Health degree, a master’s in health education or a master’s degree in health promotion. A public health educator should have good oral and written communication skills, knowledge of strategic planning and community health assessment skills. Health educators can earn doctoral degrees at several universities in the U.S.
Public Health Educator Salary and Wages
The salary for public health educators varies widely depending on the setting and the geographical location. In the government and non-profit sectors salaries depend largely on how much money is allocated either through public funding or private grants. In county health departments health educators in entry level positions may earn $29,000 per year while in an urban teaching hospital or workplace wellness program a health educator with five years of experience may earn over $40,000 per year. Master’s level and certified health educators can earn between $60.000 – $80,000 per year. Self-employed health educators may enjoy unlimited earnings depending upon the area of expertise.
Public Health Educator Certifications
Public health educators can obtain certification through the National Commission for Health Education Credentialing. Persons seeking this certification must already hold a bachelor’s degree or equivalent in health education or be within 3 months of earning the degree to sit for the examination. A minimum passing score is required on the examination which covers basic areas of responsibility in health education. The certified health education specialist examination is generally given twice during the year, in April and October, at a college or university that has a public health education degree program. Those seeking certification can order the appropriate study materials from NCHEC. After passing the exam the health educator earns the title of certified health education specialist or CHES. To maintain the CHES designation, the health educator must earn 75 hours of approved training every five years. NCHEC has recently developed an advanced level of certification known as the master certified health education specialist. Some states have their own credentialing programs or professional registries for health educators.
Public Health Educator Professional Associations
Public health educators have several professional organizations to join. Among the professional associations of interest to public health educators include the Society for Public Health Education or (SOPHE); the American Association for Health Education (AAHE) and the American Public Health Association (APHA). Each of these associations has a state affiliate. There are fees associated with membership and members can take advantage of professional development. leadership and networking opportunities. Public health educators who work in other disciplines are usually eligible for membership in organizations representing those areas.
Psychiatric Nurse Job Description & Career Opportunities
The psychiatric nurse is responsible for providing care for people who have severe mental disorders. He may provide nursing services to patients in their homes, in the agency office, or at the community sites. Although the psychiatric nurse’s role is similar with any other registered nurse or caregiver, there is a special level of skill required to care for those with psychiatric needs.
Generally, a psychiatric nurse provides care and support for patients with mental disabilities. It is part of his duty to evaluate the needs of their patients as well as administer treatments and therapies. He also helps in developing care plans in response to the needs of their individual patients.
Duties and Responsibilities
Psychiatric nurses work with doctors to develop a treatment plan that is appropriate for each patient. These nurses ensure that this plan provides relief and functionality to all patients. They care for patients experiencing acute mental distress.
A psychiatric nurse assesses a patient’s problems and discusses the best way to plan and deliver care. He builds relationships with patients and encourages trust. It is his responsibility to respond to distressed patients in a non-threatening manner and try to understand the source of the problem.
He provides evidence-based individual therapy, such as cognitive behavior therapy for depression and anxiety. A psychiatric nurse works with patients’ families and helps educating them about their mental health problems.
As any other nurses, a psychiatric nurse may take a support role and still be well-versed in patient care for a variety of different mental disabilities and dysfunctions. He must be flexible and fit to provide fast and efficient nursing care even for dangerous patients.
These nurses also contribute to preparing and organizing social events aimed at developing patients’ social skills.
Education and Skills
To become a psychiatric nurse, candidates should have a bachelor’s degree in nursing. Other related courses may also be a stepping stone for a career in nursing. He must also get a license as a registered nurse. A master’s degree in nursing is certainly an advantage and a step for career advancement. Most of these nurses continue with their education to be updated in their field.
There may be additional training required depending on the health care facility he’s involved in. Psychiatric nurses should be knowledgeable in patient care, diagnosis, and have the ability to deal with many mental disabilities.
To be successful in this field, a psychiatric nurse must be able to demonstrate the ability to deal with various types of mental disabilities. And to do that, he must have exceptional skills and specific personality traits. Strong experience within any type of psychiatric environment can increase the chances of advancement or higher compensation.
A psychiatric nurse must be patient and determined to help his patients. He must be a team player and painstaking in his treatment of patients.
Work Conditions and Salary
The typical working environment for a psychiatric nurse is at a psychiatric hospital. He may also serve other types of medical facilities or as part of a mental health agency or health department.
Working in a psychiatric environment can be very stressful since patients require a high degree of care and constant supervision. Psychiatric nurses may occasionally work longer shifts and more than the typical number of shifts.
The salary of a psychiatric nurse varies depending on the size of the hospital and specific of duties. The average annual income of this type of nurse is around $61,565. In some instances, this nurse can be paid on an hourly basis.
Generally, a psychiatric nurse provides care and support for patients with mental disabilities. It is part of his duty to evaluate the needs of their patients as well as administer treatments and therapies. He also helps in developing care plans in response to the needs of their individual patients.
Duties and Responsibilities
Psychiatric nurses work with doctors to develop a treatment plan that is appropriate for each patient. These nurses ensure that this plan provides relief and functionality to all patients. They care for patients experiencing acute mental distress.
A psychiatric nurse assesses a patient’s problems and discusses the best way to plan and deliver care. He builds relationships with patients and encourages trust. It is his responsibility to respond to distressed patients in a non-threatening manner and try to understand the source of the problem.
He provides evidence-based individual therapy, such as cognitive behavior therapy for depression and anxiety. A psychiatric nurse works with patients’ families and helps educating them about their mental health problems.
As any other nurses, a psychiatric nurse may take a support role and still be well-versed in patient care for a variety of different mental disabilities and dysfunctions. He must be flexible and fit to provide fast and efficient nursing care even for dangerous patients.
These nurses also contribute to preparing and organizing social events aimed at developing patients’ social skills.
Education and Skills
To become a psychiatric nurse, candidates should have a bachelor’s degree in nursing. Other related courses may also be a stepping stone for a career in nursing. He must also get a license as a registered nurse. A master’s degree in nursing is certainly an advantage and a step for career advancement. Most of these nurses continue with their education to be updated in their field.
There may be additional training required depending on the health care facility he’s involved in. Psychiatric nurses should be knowledgeable in patient care, diagnosis, and have the ability to deal with many mental disabilities.
To be successful in this field, a psychiatric nurse must be able to demonstrate the ability to deal with various types of mental disabilities. And to do that, he must have exceptional skills and specific personality traits. Strong experience within any type of psychiatric environment can increase the chances of advancement or higher compensation.
A psychiatric nurse must be patient and determined to help his patients. He must be a team player and painstaking in his treatment of patients.
Work Conditions and Salary
The typical working environment for a psychiatric nurse is at a psychiatric hospital. He may also serve other types of medical facilities or as part of a mental health agency or health department.
Working in a psychiatric environment can be very stressful since patients require a high degree of care and constant supervision. Psychiatric nurses may occasionally work longer shifts and more than the typical number of shifts.
The salary of a psychiatric nurse varies depending on the size of the hospital and specific of duties. The average annual income of this type of nurse is around $61,565. In some instances, this nurse can be paid on an hourly basis.
Psychologist Job Description & Career Opportunities
One of the most competitive professions is the one of psychologist. Acceptance on graduate programs is highly sought and competitive. This profession requires certain degree of education, training, knowledge, as well as personality traits.
Working as a psychologist requires an advanced degree, although undergraduate psychology degrees have many other applications outside the practice of psychology, such as business and marketing. Check out the programs below which offer free information:
Associate of Arts in Psychology by University of Phoenix
BA/Psychology by Ashford University
MS – General Psychology by Capella University
Job Responsibilities
Psychologists study human and animal behavior, mental processes, and analyze, interpret and record their observations to be able to better understand the subject. They will perform individual and group studies as part of the process to collect information, which will help them formulate theories, and explanations that will help understand certain behaviors and reactions; they are social scientists. They utilize different methods and techniques to be able to collect the information needed to assist their clients, whether these clients are human or on the other side of the animal kingdom. They will use experimental techniques, laboratory studies, and other techniques such as interview, observation, biofeedback, questionnaires and tests, psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, as well as clinical studies and surveys.
The job settings in this area are vast and they could be in the private or government sector. Psychologists can also have their own private practice, if they choose to work that way. They can work in hospitals and clinics, universities, schools, private industry and businesses, government agencies, jails, non-profit organizations, and many others. There specialization may include different areas such as business and management, education, law, health, sports, human services, retail and product development. There are many branches under this profession such as clinical psychology, counseling psychology, industrial psychology, school psychology, social psychology, developmental psychology, research psychology, and forensic psychology.
There are many subdivisions of those areas as well, which indicates that this field is wide and the opportunities cover many areas of employment. This will determine the kind of work setting and hours of practice. Private practice psychologists have the flexibility of working their own schedule in order to accommodate clients as best as they can, which may include late and weekend hours. Government agencies traditionally work on a Monday-Friday schedule with weekends and holidays off. The private sector may vary in the scheduling of work hours. Some psychologists decide to teach in universities and colleges and have a private practice on the side. Many professionals decide to form teams and open a practice as a group. The possibilities for this career are many.
Training and Education Requirements
This career requires much study and training. Most positions require a master or doctoral degree, and a license to practice. The higher the degree the more qualifications and opportunities in the job sector. A Ph.D. or Psy.D. (Doctor in psychology) qualifies a candidate to most positions in various industries. To obtain a PhD an individual must complete five years of graduate study (full-time) and a dissertation of his/her own research. For a Psy.D. a candidate must complete practical work and examinations, and not necessarily a dissertation. An additional year of post-doctoral supervised work applies in some cases, such as clinical, school, and counseling psychology.
A school psychologist may need additional training to obtain an Ed.S. – A specialization degree in school psychology. For this degree, a candidate must complete a minimum of 2 years of graduate study full-time, and a year of full-time internship, which will be on the third year.
A person considering a master in psychology will be able to work in settings such as industrial-organizational and assisting doctors in psychology. The requirements are two years of graduate study, the completion of a thesis, and practical experience.
A bachelor’s degree in psychology qualifies a candidate to work as an assistant under direct supervision of a doctor, or as administrative assistants for doctors in psychology. They can work under supervision in places such as correctional facilities, vocational facilities, mental health centers in the community, and other settings such as service, retail, or management.
In some states, clinical psychologists who prescribe medications are required to complete a master’s degree (post doctoral) in clinical psychopharmacology. They also have to pass a test that is approved by the State Board of Examiners of psychologists.
Besides education and practical work, psychologists have to be licensed in order to practice. The requirements for licensing may vary depending on the state a person will practice. They will also need to pass a state exam approved by the State Licensing Board.
Schools have to be accredited by the APA (American Psychological Association) for their programs to be valid. The National Association of School Psychologists and the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education help with the accreditation of programs in school psychology, which are advanced.
Salary and Wages
Depending on the education, specialty, experience, degrees, certifications, and job setting, salary ranges from the lowest $37,000+ to $149,000+ as the highest.
Certifications
Besides, all the educational degrees and licensing, there are other certifications such as the NCSP designation (Nationally Certified School Psychologist) awarded by the NASP (National Association of School Psychologists). The ABPP (American Board of Professional Psychology) awards certifications in thirteen different areas of psychology. Additional recommendations, education, training, practice, and endorsements may be required in addition to pass an examination.
Professional Associations
Professional associations will depend on state requirements as well as employer requirements. Also, depending on specialization, and job type. Membership requirements may apply to degrees and licensing.
Employment in this area is expected to increase, but opportunities will be better for professionals who have a higher degree of education. However, the variety of job settings for this profession is a big plus.
Working as a psychologist requires an advanced degree, although undergraduate psychology degrees have many other applications outside the practice of psychology, such as business and marketing. Check out the programs below which offer free information:
Associate of Arts in Psychology by University of Phoenix
BA/Psychology by Ashford University
MS – General Psychology by Capella University
Job Responsibilities
Psychologists study human and animal behavior, mental processes, and analyze, interpret and record their observations to be able to better understand the subject. They will perform individual and group studies as part of the process to collect information, which will help them formulate theories, and explanations that will help understand certain behaviors and reactions; they are social scientists. They utilize different methods and techniques to be able to collect the information needed to assist their clients, whether these clients are human or on the other side of the animal kingdom. They will use experimental techniques, laboratory studies, and other techniques such as interview, observation, biofeedback, questionnaires and tests, psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, as well as clinical studies and surveys.
The job settings in this area are vast and they could be in the private or government sector. Psychologists can also have their own private practice, if they choose to work that way. They can work in hospitals and clinics, universities, schools, private industry and businesses, government agencies, jails, non-profit organizations, and many others. There specialization may include different areas such as business and management, education, law, health, sports, human services, retail and product development. There are many branches under this profession such as clinical psychology, counseling psychology, industrial psychology, school psychology, social psychology, developmental psychology, research psychology, and forensic psychology.
There are many subdivisions of those areas as well, which indicates that this field is wide and the opportunities cover many areas of employment. This will determine the kind of work setting and hours of practice. Private practice psychologists have the flexibility of working their own schedule in order to accommodate clients as best as they can, which may include late and weekend hours. Government agencies traditionally work on a Monday-Friday schedule with weekends and holidays off. The private sector may vary in the scheduling of work hours. Some psychologists decide to teach in universities and colleges and have a private practice on the side. Many professionals decide to form teams and open a practice as a group. The possibilities for this career are many.
Training and Education Requirements
This career requires much study and training. Most positions require a master or doctoral degree, and a license to practice. The higher the degree the more qualifications and opportunities in the job sector. A Ph.D. or Psy.D. (Doctor in psychology) qualifies a candidate to most positions in various industries. To obtain a PhD an individual must complete five years of graduate study (full-time) and a dissertation of his/her own research. For a Psy.D. a candidate must complete practical work and examinations, and not necessarily a dissertation. An additional year of post-doctoral supervised work applies in some cases, such as clinical, school, and counseling psychology.
A school psychologist may need additional training to obtain an Ed.S. – A specialization degree in school psychology. For this degree, a candidate must complete a minimum of 2 years of graduate study full-time, and a year of full-time internship, which will be on the third year.
A person considering a master in psychology will be able to work in settings such as industrial-organizational and assisting doctors in psychology. The requirements are two years of graduate study, the completion of a thesis, and practical experience.
A bachelor’s degree in psychology qualifies a candidate to work as an assistant under direct supervision of a doctor, or as administrative assistants for doctors in psychology. They can work under supervision in places such as correctional facilities, vocational facilities, mental health centers in the community, and other settings such as service, retail, or management.
In some states, clinical psychologists who prescribe medications are required to complete a master’s degree (post doctoral) in clinical psychopharmacology. They also have to pass a test that is approved by the State Board of Examiners of psychologists.
Besides education and practical work, psychologists have to be licensed in order to practice. The requirements for licensing may vary depending on the state a person will practice. They will also need to pass a state exam approved by the State Licensing Board.
Schools have to be accredited by the APA (American Psychological Association) for their programs to be valid. The National Association of School Psychologists and the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education help with the accreditation of programs in school psychology, which are advanced.
Salary and Wages
Depending on the education, specialty, experience, degrees, certifications, and job setting, salary ranges from the lowest $37,000+ to $149,000+ as the highest.
Certifications
Besides, all the educational degrees and licensing, there are other certifications such as the NCSP designation (Nationally Certified School Psychologist) awarded by the NASP (National Association of School Psychologists). The ABPP (American Board of Professional Psychology) awards certifications in thirteen different areas of psychology. Additional recommendations, education, training, practice, and endorsements may be required in addition to pass an examination.
Professional Associations
Professional associations will depend on state requirements as well as employer requirements. Also, depending on specialization, and job type. Membership requirements may apply to degrees and licensing.
Employment in this area is expected to increase, but opportunities will be better for professionals who have a higher degree of education. However, the variety of job settings for this profession is a big plus.
Podiatrist Job Description
Podiatrists treat diseases of the foot. They treat foot disorders such as infections. They also treat problems associated with diabetes such as foot ulcers, corns, and arches. They prescribe physical therapy, surgery, drugs, and shoes to correct long-term foot problems that also include deformities. They order laboratory tests and make long-term foot care referrals. Most podiatrists have a general practice. They may also work for a firm or the federal government. They may specialize in other forms of medicine such as public health, geriatrics, sports medicine, or rehabilitative and therapeutic health. Podiatrists are in great demand today. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment is expected to increase to nine percent by 2018.
Podiatrists Job Responsibilities
Podiatrists may work as low as thirty hours per week, with their time exceeding fifty hours in the same week. Depending on the type of patient, they may work as along as sixty hours per week to include nights and weekends. They manage their own hours in private practice. They visit nursing home patients. They perform surgery at clinics, within their private offices, and in ambulatory centers. They don’t handle as many emergencies as typical medical doctors. They may work for the federal government or in a hospital facility. Long-term career development opportunities include working as professors, chiefs of departments, and hospital administrators.
They also work with sufferers of diabetes and manage foot problems of overweight patients. They diagnose circulatory problems and apply leg braces.
Podiatrists Training and Education Requirements
Podiatrists typically have a bachelor’s degree in an undergraduate degree such as biology or chemistry. Students must first complete four years of undergraduate study. They enroll in courses such as biology, organic and inorganic chemistry, and other introductory sciences; and they take some hours in English.
The specialty also requires students to complete an additional four years of pre-medical and podiatric coursework. Before they can enter a podiatry program, students must take a national exam, the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT). Some college programs may substitute the MCAT for the Dental Admission Test or for the Graduate Record Examination.
During the first two years of post-graduate study, students must take courses in general sciences and pre-medical studies. They take courses in anatomy, pathology, and other general sciences.
After these two years, students serve in clinics through rotations and practicum. During their one-year residency program, students perform physical examinations and specialty procedures under program supervision. They rotate in many departments such as internal medicine, emergency, pediatrics, orthopedic surgery, and geriatrics. They diagnose foot problems. They evaluate X-ray tests. They interpret findings. Graduates of the program receive a degree in in podiatry medicine, the Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM).
Podiatrists are licensed professionals. To receive a license, they must pass an oral and written state examination given by the National Board of Podiatric Medical Examiners and enroll in continuing education coursework.
Podiatrists must have great interpersonal skills and a business management aptitude.
Podiatrists Salary and Wages
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median wage for May 2008 was $113,560. Podiatrists with their own practices made significantly less than those working for a large firm. Podiatrists who work for large firms do not have the added costs associated with providing employee health insurance and retirement benefits and managing additional overhead costs such as employee salaries.
Podiatrists Certifications
Podiatrists must be certified in a specialty of podiatric medicine in addition to licensing requirements and they must be board-certified by The American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA). The APMA reviews institutional applications for specialty board recognition. They review the institution’s mission to ensure health and general public safety.
Podiatrists may be certified in three recognized areas of podiatry: primary medicine, surgery, or orthopedics. To be certified, podiatrists must undergo specific training to include clinical coursework and practicum and sit for an examination to test their knowledge, skill, and aptitude for the field.
Podiatrists Professional Associations
Podiatrists may join The Council on Podiatric Medical Education (CPME). The CPME sets education requirements for specialties of the field of podiatry. It was created in 1918 to evaluate accreditation procedures. It is recognized by the National Commission on Accrediting, the Council on Postsecondary Accreditation, and by The American Podiatric Medical Association. The CPME approves continuing education programs that incorporate the study of podiatry.
The CPME is authorized by The American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA) to recognize specialty boards. To carry out this task, the Council created the Joint Committee on the Recognition of Specialty Boards (JCRSB) to ensure that practitioners have completed certification requirements. The JCRSB recognizes specialty boards. It is comprised of practitioners of the field and other specialty boards. It provides information to the general public about the operations and certification process. It ensures that the certification process is fair and that institutions for specialty board recognition support the mission of the JCSRB, which is to recognize those institutions that desire to serve by providing a service to the general public based upon a legitimate need and a long-term benefit. The JCRSB has authorized the following boards for two areas of specialty:
American Board of Podiatric Orthopedics and Primary Podiatric Medicine (podiatric medicine)
American Board of Podiatric Surgery (podiatric surgery)
Podiatrists Job Responsibilities
Podiatrists may work as low as thirty hours per week, with their time exceeding fifty hours in the same week. Depending on the type of patient, they may work as along as sixty hours per week to include nights and weekends. They manage their own hours in private practice. They visit nursing home patients. They perform surgery at clinics, within their private offices, and in ambulatory centers. They don’t handle as many emergencies as typical medical doctors. They may work for the federal government or in a hospital facility. Long-term career development opportunities include working as professors, chiefs of departments, and hospital administrators.
They also work with sufferers of diabetes and manage foot problems of overweight patients. They diagnose circulatory problems and apply leg braces.
Podiatrists Training and Education Requirements
Podiatrists typically have a bachelor’s degree in an undergraduate degree such as biology or chemistry. Students must first complete four years of undergraduate study. They enroll in courses such as biology, organic and inorganic chemistry, and other introductory sciences; and they take some hours in English.
The specialty also requires students to complete an additional four years of pre-medical and podiatric coursework. Before they can enter a podiatry program, students must take a national exam, the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT). Some college programs may substitute the MCAT for the Dental Admission Test or for the Graduate Record Examination.
During the first two years of post-graduate study, students must take courses in general sciences and pre-medical studies. They take courses in anatomy, pathology, and other general sciences.
After these two years, students serve in clinics through rotations and practicum. During their one-year residency program, students perform physical examinations and specialty procedures under program supervision. They rotate in many departments such as internal medicine, emergency, pediatrics, orthopedic surgery, and geriatrics. They diagnose foot problems. They evaluate X-ray tests. They interpret findings. Graduates of the program receive a degree in in podiatry medicine, the Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM).
Podiatrists are licensed professionals. To receive a license, they must pass an oral and written state examination given by the National Board of Podiatric Medical Examiners and enroll in continuing education coursework.
Podiatrists must have great interpersonal skills and a business management aptitude.
Podiatrists Salary and Wages
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median wage for May 2008 was $113,560. Podiatrists with their own practices made significantly less than those working for a large firm. Podiatrists who work for large firms do not have the added costs associated with providing employee health insurance and retirement benefits and managing additional overhead costs such as employee salaries.
Podiatrists Certifications
Podiatrists must be certified in a specialty of podiatric medicine in addition to licensing requirements and they must be board-certified by The American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA). The APMA reviews institutional applications for specialty board recognition. They review the institution’s mission to ensure health and general public safety.
Podiatrists may be certified in three recognized areas of podiatry: primary medicine, surgery, or orthopedics. To be certified, podiatrists must undergo specific training to include clinical coursework and practicum and sit for an examination to test their knowledge, skill, and aptitude for the field.
Podiatrists Professional Associations
Podiatrists may join The Council on Podiatric Medical Education (CPME). The CPME sets education requirements for specialties of the field of podiatry. It was created in 1918 to evaluate accreditation procedures. It is recognized by the National Commission on Accrediting, the Council on Postsecondary Accreditation, and by The American Podiatric Medical Association. The CPME approves continuing education programs that incorporate the study of podiatry.
The CPME is authorized by The American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA) to recognize specialty boards. To carry out this task, the Council created the Joint Committee on the Recognition of Specialty Boards (JCRSB) to ensure that practitioners have completed certification requirements. The JCRSB recognizes specialty boards. It is comprised of practitioners of the field and other specialty boards. It provides information to the general public about the operations and certification process. It ensures that the certification process is fair and that institutions for specialty board recognition support the mission of the JCSRB, which is to recognize those institutions that desire to serve by providing a service to the general public based upon a legitimate need and a long-term benefit. The JCRSB has authorized the following boards for two areas of specialty:
American Board of Podiatric Orthopedics and Primary Podiatric Medicine (podiatric medicine)
American Board of Podiatric Surgery (podiatric surgery)
Physiotherapist Job Description & Career Opportunities
Commonly known as physical therapist, physiotherapists are professionals trained to assist injured patients by helping them to restore the patient’s mobility, reducing pain, and by helping them known more about the injury or disease that they are suffering from and help them prevent it from happening in the future. They are the ones responsible in treating patients that feel difficulty brought by the injury, disability, or sometimes due to ageing.
A physiotherapist treats people of any age. Working to improve their patient’s movement and function as a human being, most physiotherapists assists their patients in rehabilitation processes that will improve the development of the body system that was injured. They can be found in medical clinics and hospitals, private practice, or sometimes inside health clubs. For those candidates possessing the great traits that are needed for the jobs, a rewarding career will be theirs.
Duties and Responsibilities
Physiotherapists usually work with patients to help them in identifying the problem that they are suffering from. It helps physiotherapists the most when they review the history of the injury and the treatment programs that they need to execute to be able to have the best kind of rehabilitation program for a particular injury. It is a physical therapist’s duty to assist patients having joint and spinal problems, especially those who have undergone medical surgery.
Apart from assisting patients, physiotherapists help in supervising junior physical therapists and giving them guidance on how to care for an injured patient. They take down notes and reports about every patient that they handle to know if they are recovering from their injury with the allotted rehabilitation program that they are undergoing.
It is really important for a physiotherapist to be up to date with the new rehabilitation techniques that will greatly affect the improvement of a patient. It is also important for a professional physical therapist to be familiar with the latest technology that is being introduced in the market today.
Educational Background, Certification, and Required Skills
It is required for a physiotherapist to hold a master or doctoral degree from universities and colleges offering courses related to physical rehabilitation for patients. They have a licensure exam that they need to pass to be able to get a certification and to be able to get a good standing with future hospitals and institutions that they are about to work for. They should always be open to possible opportunities that will enhance the knowledge that they already have and enrich the skills that they posses.
Usually, physiotherapists need to maintain a respectable standing with the patients to better attend to their needs. It is important that physical therapists to be in good health because their job involves lifting heavy patients, moving needed equipment from time to time, and standing for long periods of time.
Becoming a professional physical therapist requires a person to have all the patience needed to understand a patient. For various reasons, they have to be strong for their patients.
A physiotherapist treats people of any age. Working to improve their patient’s movement and function as a human being, most physiotherapists assists their patients in rehabilitation processes that will improve the development of the body system that was injured. They can be found in medical clinics and hospitals, private practice, or sometimes inside health clubs. For those candidates possessing the great traits that are needed for the jobs, a rewarding career will be theirs.
Duties and Responsibilities
Physiotherapists usually work with patients to help them in identifying the problem that they are suffering from. It helps physiotherapists the most when they review the history of the injury and the treatment programs that they need to execute to be able to have the best kind of rehabilitation program for a particular injury. It is a physical therapist’s duty to assist patients having joint and spinal problems, especially those who have undergone medical surgery.
Apart from assisting patients, physiotherapists help in supervising junior physical therapists and giving them guidance on how to care for an injured patient. They take down notes and reports about every patient that they handle to know if they are recovering from their injury with the allotted rehabilitation program that they are undergoing.
It is really important for a physiotherapist to be up to date with the new rehabilitation techniques that will greatly affect the improvement of a patient. It is also important for a professional physical therapist to be familiar with the latest technology that is being introduced in the market today.
Educational Background, Certification, and Required Skills
It is required for a physiotherapist to hold a master or doctoral degree from universities and colleges offering courses related to physical rehabilitation for patients. They have a licensure exam that they need to pass to be able to get a certification and to be able to get a good standing with future hospitals and institutions that they are about to work for. They should always be open to possible opportunities that will enhance the knowledge that they already have and enrich the skills that they posses.
Usually, physiotherapists need to maintain a respectable standing with the patients to better attend to their needs. It is important that physical therapists to be in good health because their job involves lifting heavy patients, moving needed equipment from time to time, and standing for long periods of time.
Becoming a professional physical therapist requires a person to have all the patience needed to understand a patient. For various reasons, they have to be strong for their patients.
Physician Assistant Job Description
Physician assistants (PAs) are people who practice medicine under the supervision of a licensed doctor. In many ways, they are similar to doctors. They have many of the same responsibilities, and perform many of the same tasks. However, a PA does not need the same level of education. In many offices, patients sometimes even prefer to see the PA instead of the doctor.
It is important not to confuse physician assistants with medical assistants (MAs). MAs do not have the same level of responsibility or education. MAs see patients before the doctor or PA, and they perform various clerical and administrative tasks. A physician assistant does not perform any clerical work.
Job Responsibilities
Physician assistants have a key role in a doctor’s office. They may work under the supervision of a licensed physician. However, supervising physicians do not always play a large role with a PA’s work.
Some common tasks one performs as a physician assistant include diagnosing and deciding treatment for patients, analyzing and interpreting x-rays and lab results, writing prescriptions, taking patients’ histories, providing surgical assistance, ordering various forms of therapy, and examining patients.
It is difficult to know the specifics of what daily responsibilities will be performed by PAs because state laws and supervising physicians dictate exactly what tasks a physician’s assistant can perform. To get a general idea, one could check the laws for a few different states.
Training and Education Requirements
While it is not necessary, most people who apply to physician assistant training programs already have a bachelor’s degree. In addition, many also have experience in a medical field, such as military medics, emergency medical technicians, and registered nurses. Also, prerequisites vary depending on the school, and should be checked before applying.
Physician assistant programs usually take about two years to finish, and they can lead to an associate’s degree, bachelor’s degree, or even a master’s degree. It simply depends on each person’s prior education.
Common courses one takes in this training program include immunology, nutrition, biology, anatomy, physiology, chemistry, clinical medicine, pathology, and various other health and medical related courses.
It is important to attend an accredited training program. Many community colleges and four-year universities offer accredited courses. In addition, the majority of the programs are offered by allied health schools, medical schools, and health centers.
Salary and Wages
Physician assistants are paid well. In May 2008, the median annual salary of a PA was $81,230, and first-year graduates generally earned about $5,000 less than that. The highest-paid PAs earned over $100,000 and the lowest-paid PAs earned around $50,000, which is a decent paycheck considering how poorly some jobs in the medical field pay. PAs that work in medical offices are the most common, and they earn about $75,000 a year. Employment is also expected to grow through 2016 for this career choice, which will mean PAs can potentially earn even more money in the future.
In addition, most employers offer physician assistants excellent benefits, which include insurance and various fees that may be needed as a PA.
Certifications
Physician assistants must be nationally certified and hold state licenses. State requirements will vary, but nearly all PAs must be nationally certified before being considered for a state license.
All PAs need to pass the Physician Assistant National Certifying Exam, which is given by the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants (NCCPA). This exam is only available to people who attended an accredited school, which is why it is so important to take an accredited program. Those who pass the exam are allowed to use the credential, “Physician Assistant-Certified.” To maintain this credential, PAs need to complete 100 hours of medical education every two years, and they must be re-certified every six years.
State certification varies, but all states require physician assistants be supervised by a doctors. However, the supervising physician does not necessarily need to be on site, and supervisors can work with PAs through periodic visits and phone communication.
Professional Associations
There are two major professional associations for physician assistants: the NCCPA and the American Academy of Physician Assistants (AAPA).
The NCCPA is a not-for-profit organization established in 1975. It is the only organization in the United States that offers national certification for physician assistants. They ensure that physician assistants meet a necessary skill level and education. They do this to assure the public that all credentialed PAs are held to a certain standard.
The AAPA was founded in 1968 to represent the PA profession. It represents PAs of all specialties in the entire United States, the military, federal services, and Guam. The AAPA provides support to PAs so they can provide better, higher-quality health care to patients. Members of the AAPA are primarily working PAs who graduated from an accredited PA training program. There are other membership choices for people who want to support the profession as well. The other memberships are offered to retired PAs, students, physicians, and various other health-related professions.
It is important not to confuse physician assistants with medical assistants (MAs). MAs do not have the same level of responsibility or education. MAs see patients before the doctor or PA, and they perform various clerical and administrative tasks. A physician assistant does not perform any clerical work.
Job Responsibilities
Physician assistants have a key role in a doctor’s office. They may work under the supervision of a licensed physician. However, supervising physicians do not always play a large role with a PA’s work.
Some common tasks one performs as a physician assistant include diagnosing and deciding treatment for patients, analyzing and interpreting x-rays and lab results, writing prescriptions, taking patients’ histories, providing surgical assistance, ordering various forms of therapy, and examining patients.
It is difficult to know the specifics of what daily responsibilities will be performed by PAs because state laws and supervising physicians dictate exactly what tasks a physician’s assistant can perform. To get a general idea, one could check the laws for a few different states.
Training and Education Requirements
While it is not necessary, most people who apply to physician assistant training programs already have a bachelor’s degree. In addition, many also have experience in a medical field, such as military medics, emergency medical technicians, and registered nurses. Also, prerequisites vary depending on the school, and should be checked before applying.
Physician assistant programs usually take about two years to finish, and they can lead to an associate’s degree, bachelor’s degree, or even a master’s degree. It simply depends on each person’s prior education.
Common courses one takes in this training program include immunology, nutrition, biology, anatomy, physiology, chemistry, clinical medicine, pathology, and various other health and medical related courses.
It is important to attend an accredited training program. Many community colleges and four-year universities offer accredited courses. In addition, the majority of the programs are offered by allied health schools, medical schools, and health centers.
Salary and Wages
Physician assistants are paid well. In May 2008, the median annual salary of a PA was $81,230, and first-year graduates generally earned about $5,000 less than that. The highest-paid PAs earned over $100,000 and the lowest-paid PAs earned around $50,000, which is a decent paycheck considering how poorly some jobs in the medical field pay. PAs that work in medical offices are the most common, and they earn about $75,000 a year. Employment is also expected to grow through 2016 for this career choice, which will mean PAs can potentially earn even more money in the future.
In addition, most employers offer physician assistants excellent benefits, which include insurance and various fees that may be needed as a PA.
Certifications
Physician assistants must be nationally certified and hold state licenses. State requirements will vary, but nearly all PAs must be nationally certified before being considered for a state license.
All PAs need to pass the Physician Assistant National Certifying Exam, which is given by the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants (NCCPA). This exam is only available to people who attended an accredited school, which is why it is so important to take an accredited program. Those who pass the exam are allowed to use the credential, “Physician Assistant-Certified.” To maintain this credential, PAs need to complete 100 hours of medical education every two years, and they must be re-certified every six years.
State certification varies, but all states require physician assistants be supervised by a doctors. However, the supervising physician does not necessarily need to be on site, and supervisors can work with PAs through periodic visits and phone communication.
Professional Associations
There are two major professional associations for physician assistants: the NCCPA and the American Academy of Physician Assistants (AAPA).
The NCCPA is a not-for-profit organization established in 1975. It is the only organization in the United States that offers national certification for physician assistants. They ensure that physician assistants meet a necessary skill level and education. They do this to assure the public that all credentialed PAs are held to a certain standard.
The AAPA was founded in 1968 to represent the PA profession. It represents PAs of all specialties in the entire United States, the military, federal services, and Guam. The AAPA provides support to PAs so they can provide better, higher-quality health care to patients. Members of the AAPA are primarily working PAs who graduated from an accredited PA training program. There are other membership choices for people who want to support the profession as well. The other memberships are offered to retired PAs, students, physicians, and various other health-related professions.
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